Abstract: One or more examples relate to selectively line-based encoding pixels of an image via run-length encoding or gradient encoding. A method includes, for at least a portion of an image, determining a highest number of: a number of pixels in a run compressible via run-length encoding, and a number of pixels in a run compressible via gradient encoding; and selectively encoding at least some pixels of an image via the one of run-length encoding or gradient encoding corresponding to the determined highest number.

Abstract: An input device comprising a processor(s), an input element, an electropermanent magnet (EPM) assembly including: a permanent magnet operable to generate a magnetic field; and a magnetizing assembly configured to set a magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet, a first ferromagnetic element, and a second ferromagnetic element. The first ferromagnetic element is configured to part and move away from the second ferromagnetic element as the input element is depressed. When the EPM assembly magnetizes the permanent magnet to a first polarity, the first and second ferromagnetic elements are magnetically attracted to each other and provide an attracting that magnetically opposes the first and second ferromagnetic elements from parting, and when the EPM assembly magnetizes the permanent magnet to a second polarity, the first and second ferromagnetic elements are not magnetically attracted to each other and do not magnetically oppose the first and second ferromagnetic elements from parting.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of formula (I): and related aspects.

Abstract: An opportunistic hypervisor determines that a guest virtual machine of a virtualization host has voluntarily released control of a physical processor. The hypervisor uses the released processor to identify and initiate a virtualization management task which has not been completed. In response to determining that at least a portion of the task has been performed, the hypervisor enters a quiescent state, releasing the physical processor to enable resumption of the guest virtual machine.

Abstract: A particular portion of a program which can be read from on-disk representations of the program as well as from memory images of the program is identified for use as a version discriminator. A first representation of the portion may be obtained from a first memory image of the program, corresponding to a first running instance of the program. The first representation may be compared to a second representation obtained at a development environment. Based on the results of the comparison, a particular version of the program corresponding to the first running instance may be identified. An indication of the particular version may be stored.

Abstract: An offloaded virtualization management component of a virtualization host receives an indication from a hypervisor of a portion of main memory of the host for which memory allocation decisions are not to be performed by the hypervisor. The offloaded virtualization management component assigns a subset of the portion to a particular guest virtual machine and provides an indication of the subset to the hypervisor.

Abstract: A cathode (100) for use in a lithium-air battery can include a polymer binder (150) having a conductive material (120), phyllosilicate nanoparticles (110), a lithium salt (130), and a metal catalyst (140) distributed in the polymer binder (150). The cathode (100) can be porous to allow oxygen to diffuse from surrounding air into the cathode (100). A lithium-air battery can include a lithium metal anode, a solid electrolyte in contact with the lithium metal anode, and a cathode (100) in contact with the solid electrolyte. The cathode (100) can have a polymer binder (150) as a support matrix. The polymer binder (150) can be porous to allow oxygen to diffuse from surrounding air into the cathode (100). The cathode (100) can include the polymer binder (150), a conductive material (120), phyllosilicate nanoparticles (110), a lithium salt (130), and a metal catalyst (140) distributed in the polymer binder (150).

Abstract: A security service can determine a synthetic context based at least in part on context data associated with a first malware sample, and detonate the first malware sample in the synthetic context to provide one or more first event records representing events performed by the first malware sample and detected during detonation. Additionally or alternatively, the security service can detonate the first malware sample and locate a second malware sample in a corpus based at least in part on the one or more first event records. Additionally or alternatively, the security service can receive event records representing events detected during a detonation of a first malware sample, the detonation based at least in part on context data, and locate a second malware sample in the corpus based at least in part on the one or more reference event records.

Abstract: A particular portion of a program which can be read from on-disk representations of the program as well as from memory images of the program is identified for use as a version discriminator. A first representation of the portion may be obtained from a first memory image of the program, corresponding to a first running instance of the program. The first representation may be compared to a second representation obtained at a development environment. Based on the results of the comparison, a particular version of the program corresponding to the first running instance may be identified. An indication of the particular version may be stored.

Abstract: A cathode (100) for use in a lithium-air battery can include a polymer binder (150) having a conductive material (120), phyllosilicate nanoparticles (110), a lithium salt (130), and a metal catalyst (140) distributed in the polymer binder (150). The cathode (100) can be porous to allow oxygen to diffuse from surrounding air into the cathode (100). A lithium-air battery can include a lithium metal anode, a solid electrolyte in contact with the lithium metal anode, and a cathode (100) in contact with the solid electrolyte. The cathode (100) can have a polymer binder (150) as a support matrix. The polymer binder (150) can be porous to allow oxygen to diffuse from surrounding air into the cathode (100). The cathode (100) can include the polymer binder (150), a conductive material (120), phyllosilicate nanoparticles (110), a lithium salt (130), and a metal catalyst (140) distributed in the polymer binder (150).

Abstract: A particular portion of a program which can be read from on-disk representations of the program as well as from memory images of the program is identified for use as a version discriminator. A first representation of the portion may be obtained from a first memory image of the program, corresponding to a first running instance of the program. The first representation may be compared to a second representation obtained at a development environment. Based on the results of the comparison, a particular version of the program corresponding to the first running instance may be identified. An indication of the particular version may be stored.

Abstract: An offloaded virtualization management component of a virtualization host receives an indication from a hypervisor of a portion of main memory of the host for which memory allocation decisions are not to be performed by the hypervisor. The offloaded virtualization management component assigns a subset of the portion to a particular guest virtual machine and provides an indication of the subset to the hypervisor.

Abstract: An offloaded virtualization management component of a virtualization host receives an indication from a hypervisor of a portion of main memory of the host for which memory allocation decisions are not to be performed by the hypervisor. The offloaded virtualization management component assigns a subset of the portion to a particular guest virtual machine and provides an indication of the subset to the hypervisor.

Abstract: An opportunistic hypervisor determines that a guest virtual machine of a virtualization host has voluntarily released control of a physical processor. The hypervisor uses the released processor to identify and initiate a virtualization management task which has not been completed. In response to determining that at least a portion of the task has been performed, the hypervisor enters a quiescent state, releasing the physical processor to enable resumption of the guest virtual machine.

Abstract: An opportunistic hypervisor determines that a guest virtual machine of a virtualization host has voluntarily released control of a physical processor. The hypervisor uses the released processor to identify and initiate a virtualization management task which has not been completed. In response to determining that at least a portion of the task has been performed, the hypervisor enters a quiescent state, releasing the physical processor to enable resumption of the guest virtual machine.

Abstract: Based on source code analysis of an API-invoker program, an expendable set of source code sections of an API-implementer program is identified. The expendable set corresponds to operations which are not expected to be performed on behalf of the API-invoker program at a particular computing environment. An optimized binary version of the API-implementer program is generated, which does not include executable code corresponding to the expendable set. The optimized binary version is transmitted to the computing environment for deployment.

Abstract: An opportunistic hypervisor determines that a guest virtual machine of a virtualization host has voluntarily released control of a physical processor. The hypervisor uses the released processor to identify and initiate a virtualization management task which has not been completed. In response to determining that at least a portion of the task has been performed, the hypervisor enters a quiescent state, releasing the physical processor to enable resumption of the guest virtual machine.

Abstract: An offloaded virtualization management component of a virtualization host receives an indication from a hypervisor of a portion of main memory of the host for which memory allocation decisions are not to be performed by the hypervisor. The offloaded virtualization management component assigns a subset of the portion to a particular guest virtual machine and provides an indication of the subset to the hypervisor.

Abstract: Processes for conversion of lignin to liquid products such as bio-fuels and fuel additives are disclosed and described. A process for conversion of a lignin material to bio-fuels can include subjecting the lignin material to a base catalyzed depolymerization reaction to produce a partially depolymerized lignin. The partially depolymerized lignin can then be subjected to a stabilization/partial hydrodeoxygenation reaction to form a partially hydrodeoxygenated product. Following partial hydrodeoxygenation, the partially hydrodeoxygenated product can be reacted in a hydroprocessing step to form a bio-fuel. Each of these reaction steps can be performed in single or multiple steps, depending on the design of the process. The production of an intermediate partially hydrodeoxygenation product and subsequent reaction thereof can significantly reduce or eliminate reactor plugging and catalyst coking.

Abstract: A method of synthesizing and reacting compounds in a cyclone reactor is disclosed and described. A liquid carrier can be provided which can include solid catalyst particles, liquid catalysts, and/or liquid reactants. The liquid carrier can be formed into a swirl layer within the reactor. A reactant composition including at least one reactant can also be injected through at least a portion of the swirl layer such that at least a portion of the reactant is converted to a reaction product. The cyclone reactor allows for improved contact of reactants and catalyst, with fine temperature control, thus increasing reaction yields and selectivity.