Abstract: A tap sensitive alarm clock has a housing (20), a vibration sensor (22) mechanically coupled to the housing for receiving a shock due to a user tapping the housing, and a control circuit (24) coupled to the vibration sensor for controlling a function of the alarm clock. An audio unit (26) is coupled to an audio circuit (25) for generating sound, e.g. a loudspeaker in an alarm clock or a wake up light. To avoid interference of the sound and the vibration sensor, the alarm clock is provided with a filter (23) coupled to the vibration sensor and the control circuit. The filter has a filter curve matched to block frequencies occurring in the sound. Advantageously it is avoided that the sound frequencies trigger the function, while the sensor is sensitive to other frequencies up to the frequency range of the sound for reliably detecting the tapping.

Abstract: A tap sensitive alarm clock has a housing (20), a vibration sensor (22) mechanically coupled to the housing for receiving a shock due to a user tapping the housing, and a control circuit (24) coupled to the vibration sensor for controlling a function of the alarm clock. An audio unit (26) is coupled to an audio circuit (25) for generating sound, e.g. a loudspeaker in an alarm clock or a wake up light. To avoid interference of the sound and the vibration sensor, the alarm clock is provided with a filter (23) coupled to the vibration sensor and the control circuit. The filter has a filter curve matched to block frequencies occurring in the sound. Advantageously it is avoided that the sound frequencies trigger the function, while the sensor is sensitive to other frequencies up to the frequency range of the sound for reliably detecting the tapping.

Abstract: A tap sensitive alarm clock has a housing (20), a vibration sensor (22) mechanically coupled to the housing for receiving a shock due to a user tapping the housing, and a control circuit (24) coupled to the vibration sensor for controlling a function of the alarm clock. An audio unit (26) is coupled to an audio circuit (25) for generating sound, e.g. a loudspeaker in an alarm clock or a wake up light. To avoid interference of the sound and the vibration sensor, the alarm clock is provided with a filter (23) coupled to the vibration sensor and the control circuit. The filter has a filter curve matched to block frequencies occurring in the sound. Advantageously it is avoided that the sound frequencies trigger the function, while the sensor is sensitive to other frequencies up to the frequency range of the sound for reliably detecting the tapping.

Abstract: The invention relates to a membrane module for pervaporation, in particular organophilic pervaporation, having a liquid-tight housing with at least one feed inlet, at least one retentate outlet and at least one permeate outlet that is or can be subjected to a negative pressure or vacuum, wherein a membrane pocket stack is arranged in a housing interior and has a plurality of membrane pockets and seals laid on one another, wherein mechanical pressure is or can be applied to the membrane pockets in the stacking direction by means of a pressure application device for the mutual sealing of the membrane pockets, so that the housing interior is divided up by the membrane pockets into a feed chamber on the outside of the membrane pockets and a permeate chamber in the interior of the membrane pockets. The invention further relates to a use of a membrane module according to the invention.

Abstract: A tap sensitive alarm clock has a housing (20), a vibration sensor (22) mechanically coupled to the housing for receiving a shock due to a user tapping the housing, and a control circuit (24) coupled to the vibration sensor for controlling a function of the alarm clock. An audio unit (26) is coupled to an audio circuit (25) for generating sound, e.g. a loudspeaker in an alarm clock or a wake up light. To avoid interference of the sound and the vibration sensor, the alarm clock is provided with a filter (23) coupled to the vibration sensor and the control circuit. The filter has a filter curve matched to block frequencies occurring in the sound. Advantageously it is avoided that the sound frequencies trigger the function, while the sensor is sensitive to other frequencies up to the frequency range of the sound for reliably detecting the tapping.

Abstract: A membrane for gas separation includes a porous support layer and a separation layer. The separation layer comprises a mixture of one or more saccharide derivatives and one or more homopolymers. The saccharide derivative(s) may have a cyclic structure with five or six ring atoms, or a linear structure, or may include monosaccharide derivatives which are bound via glycoside bonds, and the number of monosaccharides bound in this manner may be 2 to 1,000. A membrane can be produced by preparing a homogeneous solution which comprises a saccharide derivative and a homopolymer in a solvent; and pouring the homogenous solution onto a support layer. The membrane may be used in a gas separation module the operation of which makes use of the membrane.

Abstract: A membrane for gas separation includes a porous support layer and a separation layer. The separation layer comprises a mixture of one or more saccharide derivatives and one or more homopolymers. The saccharide derivative(s) may have a cyclic structure with five or six ring atoms, or a linear structure, or may include monosaccharide derivatives which are bound via glycoside bonds, and the number of monosaccharides bound in this manner may be 2 to 1,000. A membrane can be produced by preparing a homogeneous solution which comprises a saccharide derivative and a homopolymer in a solvent; and pouring the homogenous solution onto a support layer. The membrane may be used in a gas separation module the operation of which makes use of the membrane.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composite with a separation-active membrane layer and a supporting membrane, a process for the production of the same and a process for using the same. The composite membrane according to the invention is distinguished by the fact that the separation-active membrane layer comprises a polymer hardened by electromagnetic radiation with wave length that is less than 800 nm and/or by electron beams. The process according to the invention is distinguished by the fact that a layer of a solution of a polymer that can be hardened by electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength that is less than 800 nm and/or by electron beams and an initiator substance is applied to a supporting membrane and subsequently is hardened by electromagnetic radiation and/or by electron beams. The use according to the invention serves to retain low molecular weight substances from organic solutions.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composite membrane with a separation-active membrane layer and a supporting membrane, a process for the production of the same, and a process for using the same. The composite membrane according to the invention is distinguished by the fact that the separation-active membrane layer comprises a polymer hardened by electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength that is less than 800 nm and/or by electron beams. The process according to the invention is distinguished by the fact that a layer of a solution of a polymer that can be hardened by electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength that is less than 800 nm and/or by electron beams and an initiator substance is applied to a supporting membrane and subsequently is hardened by electromagnetic radiation and/or by electron beams. The use according to the invention serves to retain low-molecular substances from organic solutions.

Abstract: In an apparatus for separating at least one component from a fluid mixture, comprising a plurality of hollow fiber membrane frames through which a carrier fluid is conducted while the fluid mixture flows through the frames in a direction normal to the hollow fiber membranes supported in the frame, a plurality of frames are stacked on top of one another and shaped so that, together, they form a sealed tubular structure for guiding the fluid mixture past the hollow fiber membranes extending across the frames.

Abstract: In an arrangement for removing water vapor from pressurized gases or gas mixtures, particularly from air, a membrane separating apparatus is provided wherein the gas-vapor stream is separated into a vapor-enriched permeate stream and a vapor-depleted retentate stream and the vapor enriched permeate stream is conducted to a vacuum pumping device for generating at the permeate side of the membrane separating apparatus a vacuum providing for a predetermined trans-membrane pressure ratio.

Abstract: A process for separating and/or recovering gases from gas and/or gas vapor mixtures includes a membrane separating device to which a gas and/or gas vapor mixture is supplied, the latter being separated in the membrane separating device into a permeate, which is enriched with gas, and a retentate, which is depleted of gas. A first membrane separating device and a downstream second membrane separating device are provided, to which is supplied (at its inlet end) the retentate from the first membrane separating device, the first membrane separating device having a membrane which is selective for higher hydrocarbons in the gas and/or gas vapor mixture to be separated and in that the second membrane separating device has a membrane which is selected for gases of small molecular diameter.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a method for measuring the concentration of dissolved gases in a liquid [(39)], especially of CO2 in beverages, in which the liquid [(39)] is passed across the retentate side [(140)] of a membrane [(14)] that is at least partially permeable to the dissolved gas, and [in which] the volumetric flow of the permeated gas on permeate side [(16)] of the membrane [(14)] is determined, the temperature of the liquid [(39)] is measured, and the concentration of the dissolved gas in the liquid [(39)] is calculated from these values. In this, the thickness of the membrane [(14)] can be pre-selected as a function of the flow rate of the liquid [(39)] flowing along the retentate side [(140)].

Abstract: A method and apparatus is disclosed for separating a vapor-gas mixture formed above a liquid in a tank and which mixture is exhausted from the tank through an exhaust line in order to relieve overpressure in the tank. The mixture is passed from the tank through a membrane unit having a separating membrane and underpressure is generated at least intermittently, on a permeate side of the membrane unit, by a pump. This produces on the permeate side of the membrane permeate enriched with vapor and on the retentate side of the membrane retentate deleted in vapor. The permeate is returned to the tank and the retentate is exhausted to the atmosphere via the exhaust line.

Abstract: A hydraulic operating system has a cylinder which is actuated to raise, hold or lower a load against the force of gravity. An electromagnetic 3/2 valve connects a working chamber of the cylinder to a hydraulic reservoir when not energized, and permits flow from a pump to the working chamber when energized. A non-return valve prevents flow from the working chamber to the pump when the valve is energized. A three position switch operates an electric control unit to raise, lower or hold the load in an intermediate position. When holding in an intermediate position, the control unit constantly energizes the valve during a first period, after which the control unit intermittently energizes and deenergizes the valve so as to lower the load in stepwise fashion during a second period.

Abstract: In a method for separating a gas mixture above a liquid a separating device with a gas separation membrane having retentate side and a permeate side is employed. A vacuum at the retentate side of the gas separation membrane and a vacuum at the permeate side of the gas separation membrane are provided. The gas mixture, resulting from transferring a liquid from one storage container to another container upon contact with the surroundings, is fed to the retentate side of the gas separation membrane by the vacuum present at the retentate side and the permeate side. The flow volume per time unit of the gas mixture fed to the separating device is greater than a flow volume per time unit of the liquid being transferred. On the retentate side of the gas separation membrane a gas-diminished retentate is generated and on the permeate side of the gas separation membrane a gas-enriched permeate is produced.

Abstract: The auxiliary or working liquid is cleaned by being urged through a pervaporation membrane module (3), then the permeate stream from the membrane module is led through a condenser (4), where the impurities concentrated in the permeate stream precipitate. The stream of retentate and the stream of permeate from the membrane module are then fed back to a compressor (1). The differential pressure of the compressor belonging to the compressor system is used to operate this circuit.

Abstract: A method for producing an improved membrane for separating gases in mixtures including forming an integral, asymmetric polyether imide membrane, treating the membrane with at least one organic fluid which is a solvent or swelling agent for polyether imide, and removing the organic fluid from the membrane by evaporation to obtain a tubular, flat or hollow fiber membrane exhibiting significantly higher selectivity than an untreated membrane.

Abstract: A method of removing organic compounds from an air/permanent gas mixture. This mixture, as untreated medium, is conveyed to a first gas separation membrane and is divided into a filtrate gas stream that is concentrated with organic compounds and a retained gas stream that is depleted of organic compounds. The concentrated filtrate is conveyed to a recovery device for the recovery of organic compounds therefrom. The pressure of the air/permanent gas mixture is raised prior to entry thereof into the first gas separation membrane. The pressure of the concentrated filtrate is reduced after exit thereof from the first gas separation membrane. The depleted gas stream is discharged into the atmosphere, and the gas stream that exits the recovery device is returned to the air/permanent gas mixture at some point subsequent to the pressure increase thereof.