Abstract: Devices, systems and methods are disclosed for validating an electronic publication and determining a source of identified errors in a rendering of the electronic publication. The rendering may be captured as a rendered image and rendered data may be extracted from the rendering. The rendered data may be compared to actual input data to the renderer used to generate the rendered image. If errors are visible in the rendering, a source of the errors may be identified based on the comparison between the extracted rendered data to the actual input data. If errors are not visible in the rendering, the rendering may be validated.