Abstract: Described herein is a growth medium for culture of stem cells and/or primary cells, in particular hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), the growth medium including a basal medium and a supplement, with the medium and/or supplement including a histone acetyltransferase (HAT) inhibitor, a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, and two or more of a lipid, an amino acid or amino acid derivative, an antioxidative agent, and an inorganic salt. Further provided are methods of using the growth medium, as well as kits and formulations of the growth medium.