Abstract: A toner cartridge includes a customer replaceable unit monitoring (CRUM) apparatus to store error information of a toner injection process of the toner cartridge using a toner refill apparatus. Based on the error information not being stored in the CRUM apparatus, an availability of a refill operation of the toner cartridge is identified based on a predetermined first reference value and an amount of toner detected in the toner cartridge, and, based on the error information being stored in the CRUM apparatus, the availability of the refill operation of the toner cartridge is identified based on a predetermined second reference value and the amount of toner detected in the toner cartridge.

Abstract: A toner cartridge includes a customer replaceable unit monitoring (CRUM) apparatus to store error information of a toner injection process of the toner cartridge using a toner refill apparatus. Based on the error information not being stored in the CRUM apparatus, an availability of a refill operation of the toner cartridge is identified based on a predetermined first reference value and an amount of toner detected in the toner cartridge, and, based on the error information being stored in the CRUM apparatus, the availability of the refill operation of the toner cartridge is identified based on a predetermined second reference value and the amount of toner detected in the toner cartridge.

Abstract: A toner cartridge includes a customer replaceable unit monitoring (CRUM) apparatus to store error information of a toner injection process of the toner cartridge using a toner refill apparatus. Based on the error information not being stored in the CRUM apparatus, an availability of a refill operation of the toner cartridge is identified based on a predetermined first reference value and an amount of toner detected in the toner cartridge, and, based on the error information being stored in the CRUM apparatus, the availability of the refill operation of the toner cartridge is identified based on a predetermined second reference value and the amount of toner detected in the toner cartridge.

Abstract: Provided is a method of operating an image forming apparatus. The method includes: calculating a remaining lifespan of at least one component consumed through an image forming job in the image forming apparatus; determining whether to proceed with a refill operation to refill a toner in a cartridge of the image forming apparatus, based on the remaining lifespan of the at least one component; and displaying guide information to guide the refill operation based on a result of the determining.

Abstract: Provided is a method of operating an image forming apparatus. The method includes: calculating a remaining lifespan of at least one component consumed through an image forming job in the image forming apparatus; determining whether to proceed with a refill operation to refill a toner in a cartridge of the image forming apparatus, based on the remaining lifespan of the at least one component; and displaying guide information to guide the refill operation based on a result of the determining.

Abstract: Provided is a method of operating an image forming apparatus. The method includes: calculating a remaining lifespan of at least one component consumed through an image forming job in the image forming apparatus; determining whether to proceed with a refill operation to refill a toner in a cartridge of the image forming apparatus, based on the remaining lifespan of the at least one component; and displaying guide information to guide the refill operation based on a result of the determining.

Abstract: An example image forming apparatus includes a main body, a toner refilling portion, and a controller. On the main body, a development cartridge is mounted. The toner refilling portion is connected to the development cartridge and a toner refill cartridge inserted through a communicating portion of the main body and thus receives, from the toner refill cartridge, authentication information obtained from the toner refill cartridge, thereby adjusting a toner inflow from the toner refill cartridge to the development cartridge. A controller determines whether to allow a toner refill using the toner refill cartridge based on the authentication information obtained from the toner refill cartridge and authentication information obtained from the image forming apparatus and controls the toner refilling portion according to a determination result.

Abstract: An example toner cartridge includes a customer replaceable unit monitoring (CRUM) apparatus to store error information of a toner injection process of the toner cartridge using a toner refill apparatus. Based on the error information not being stored in the CRUM apparatus, an availability of a refill operation of the toner cartridge is identified based on a predetermined first reference value and an amount of toner detected in the toner cartridge, and, based on the error information being stored in the CRUM apparatus, the availability of the refill operation of the toner cartridge is identified based on a predetermined second reference value and the amount of toner detected in the toner cartridge.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus is disclosed. The image forming apparatus includes a print engine to perform a printing job using toner filled in a toner cartridge, a communicator to communicate with a memory chip attached to a toner refill apparatus which refills the toner cartridge with toner, a memory to store group information corresponding to a plurality of image forming apparatuses for sharing the toner refill apparatus, and a processor to determine whether or not the toner refill apparatus is usable based on information stored in a memory chip of the toner refill apparatus and group information stored in the memory.

Abstract: An example image forming apparatus includes a mainbody, a toner refilling portion, and a controller. On the mainbody, a development cartridge is mounted. The toner refilling portion is connected to the development cartridge and a toner refill cartridge inserted through a communicating portion of the main body and thus receives, from the toner refill cartridge, authentication information obtained from the toner refill cartridge, thereby adjusting a toner inflow from the toner refill cartridge to the development cartridge. A controller determines whether to allow a toner refill using the toner refill cartridge based on the authentication information obtained from the toner refill cartridge and authentication information obtained from the image forming apparatus and controls the toner refilling portion according to a determination result.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus is provided. The image forming apparatus includes a print engine to perform a print job by using a toner filled in a toner cartridge, a communication apparatus to communicate with a memory chip attached to a toner refill apparatus refilling the toner in the toner cartridge, and a processor to, based on an error being found in a toner injection process for the toner cartridge by using the toner refill apparatus, store information related to the error in the toner cartridge.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus is provided. The image forming apparatus includes a print engine to perform a print job by using a toner filled in a toner cartridge, a communication apparatus to communicate with a memory chip attached to a toner refill apparatus refilling the toner in the toner cartridge, and a processor to, based on an error being found in a toner injection process for the toner cartridge by using the toner refill apparatus, store information related to the error in the toner cartridge.

Abstract: Provided is a method of operating an image forming apparatus. The method includes: calculating a remaining lifespan of at least one component consumed through an image forming job in the image forming apparatus; determining whether to proceed with a refill operation to refill a toner in a cartridge of the image forming apparatus, based on the remaining lifespan of the at least one component; and displaying guide information to guide the refill operation based on a result of the determining.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus is disclosed. The image forming apparatus includes a print engine to perform a printing job using toner filled in a toner cartridge, a communicator to communicate with a memory chip attached to a toner refill apparatus which refills the toner cartridge with toner, a memory to store group information corresponding to a plurality of image forming apparatuses for sharing the toner refill apparatus, and a processor to determine whether or not the toner refill apparatus is usable based on information stored in a memory chip of the toner refill apparatus and group information stored in the memory.

Abstract: An image scanning apparatus and method for protecting personal information are provided. The image scanning apparatus may include an image sensor which scans a manuscript, a memory, and a processor to generate a scan image using a signal that is output from the image sensor, perform a masking process for personal information included in the generated scan image, generate scan data that includes additional information for recovering the masked personal information and the masked scan image, and store the same in the memory.

Abstract: Provided are an image forming apparatus and a method of controlling collated printing in an image forming apparatus. For example, the image forming apparatus comprises an image former, a communicator to receive a print request from a host device; a controller to convert at least one portion of the data received from the host device into print data corresponding to one copy of the printable content by the image former, in response to the print request; and a memory to store the print data. The controller is to, in response to determining that the memory stores the print data, control the image former to print the plurality of copies of the printable content.

Abstract: A method of controlling an image forming apparatus by driving a control unit by using power supplied from an external device via an external device interface unit, even when main power is not supplied to the image forming apparatus, and an image forming apparatus using the same is provided.

Abstract: A method of controlling an image forming apparatus by driving a control unit by using power supplied from an external device via an external device interface unit, even when main power is not supplied to the image forming apparatus, and an image forming apparatus using the same is provided.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a sense-amplifier driving device. The sense-amplifier driving device includes a sense-amplifier driver configured to provide a first pull-up voltage and a first pull-down voltage to a pull-up power line and a pull-down power line, respectively, during a first over-driving time period, provide the second pull-up voltage and the first pull-down voltage to the pull-up power line and the pull-down power line, respectively, during an active time period, and provide a third pull-up voltage and a second pull-down voltage to the pull-up power line and the pull-down power line, respectively, during a second over-driving time period, and a drive-signal generator configured to generate a plurality of drive signals, which is selectively activated during the first over-driving time period, the active time period, and the second over-driving time period, to control an operation of the sense-amplifier driver.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for forming multi-layer interconnection of semiconductor device, which allows a contact hole to be formed at a size smaller than a resolution limit of the exposing system.