Abstract: A semiconductor device including a first interlayer insulating film; a conductive pattern in the first interlayer insulating film; a resistance pattern on the conductive pattern; an upper etching stopper film spaced apart from the resistance pattern, extending in parallel with a top surface of the resistance pattern, and including a first metal; a lower etching stopper film on the conductive pattern, extending in parallel with a top surface of the first interlayer insulating film, and including a second metal; and a second interlayer insulating film on the upper etching stopper film and the lower etching stopper film, wherein a distance from a top surface of the second interlayer insulating film to a top surface of the upper etching stopper film is smaller than a distance from the top surface of the second interlayer insulating film to a top surface of the lower etching stopper film.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a parenteral bioactive substance delivery composition and a bioactive substance carrier using a micelle based on low molecular weight methyl cellulose with a weight average molecular weight of 6 to 9.5 kDa. The low molecular weight methyl cellulose with a weight average molecular weight of 6 to 9.5 kDa resolves a problem of excretion to outside of the body to improve safety and form a micelle to solubilize poorly soluble bioactive substances, and thus is very useful for sustained release parenteral bioactive substance delivery.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a parenteral bioactive substance delivery composition and a bioactive substance carrier using a micelle based on low molecular weight methyl cellulose with a weight average molecular weight of 6 to 9.5 kDa. The bioactive substance carrier according to the present invention can completely resolve a problem of excretion to outside the body which cannot be resolved by conventional low molecular weight methyl cellulose having a weight average molecular weight of 10 to 20 kDa to increase safety and form a micelle to enable the solubilization of poorly soluble drugs, and thus is expected to be very useful for sustained release parenteral drug delivery.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and apparatus for improving software availability of a cluster computer system via a software rejuvenation technique, in which a program is temporarily stopped at an adequate time point that a manager of a cluster computer system constituted by several servers can expect, and then restarted. In the invention, both aspects of software and hardware are considered, a proactive fault-tolerance technique is utilized via software rejuvenation and availability is improved through determination of the optimal rejuvenation period according to a software unstable rate and a hardware failure rate of the cluster system so that features of a high-available computer system can be ensured efficient in cost.

Abstract: A multiple access control method for guaranteeing a QoS requirement is disclosed. The method includes the steps of a first step in which the random access channel is separated into a plurality of sub-slots, and one of the thusly separated sub-channels is designated as a forced collision sub-slot and is shared for a mobile station which is sensitive to a reservation delay time, and a second step in which capacity-back (CB) sub-slots are designated one-by-one with respect to the mobile station, which is sensitive to the reservation delay time in the next slot when a collision occurs in the designated forced sub-slot and a reservation request is performed without a predetermined competition.

Abstract: A medium access control protocol for wireless ATM network in communication protocol for controlling an access between a plurality of mobile terminals and an access control station in the wireless ATM system is provided, including: an up-stream frame for controlling a medium access by enabling the plurality of mobile terminals to transmit connection control data and status data of the terminal; and a down-stream frame for controlling the medium access by enabling the access control station receiving the up-stream frame to transmit the slot allocation data and the connection control data to the mobile terminals.

Abstract: An asynchronous transfer mode LAN switching hub device using IEEE P1355 system and its control method.