Abstract: A semiconductor memory device may include a substrate, a bit line extending in a first direction on the substrate, a first word line and a second word line extending in a second direction to cross the bit line, a back-gate electrode extending in the second direction between the first word line and the second word line, first and second active patterns disposed between the first and second word lines and the back-gate electrode and connected to the bit line, contact patterns coupled to the first and second active patterns, respectively, a first back-gate capping pattern between the contact patterns and the back-gate electrode, and first gate capping patterns between the contact patterns and the first and second word lines. The first back-gate capping pattern and the first gate capping pattern may have first and second seams, which are extended in the second direction and are located at different vertical levels.

Abstract: Provided herein is a surgical instrument comprising a cap having a first and second aperture extending therethrough, a first extendable and retractable member having a distal end coupled to a first coupling, a first arm extending from the first coupling and pivotable with respect to the distal end of the first member, and a second arm connected to the first arm through a second coupling and pivotable, with respect to the first arm, a second extendable and retractable member having a distal end coupled to a third coupling, a third arm extending from the second coupling, the third arm pivotable, with respect to the distal end of the second member, and a fourth arm connected to the third arm through a fourth coupling and pivotable, with respect to the third arm, a first end effector connected to the second arm and a second end effector connected to the fourth arm.

Abstract: Embodiments of the inventive concept provide a substrate treating apparatus and a substrate treating method for not letting an irradiation region of a laser deviate from a target region, even if a shaking angle of a chemical deviates from an allowable range due to a vibration or an airflow. The inventive concept provides a substrate treating apparatus. The substrate treating apparatus includes: a substrate support unit configured to support a substrate having a chemical coated thereon; a laser generation unit configured to irradiate a laser to the substrate; and a light-transmitter positioned along a path at which the laser is irradiated.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a system, a software application, and methods of digital lithography for semiconductor packaging. The method includes comparing positions of vias and via locations, generating position data based on the comparing the positions of vias and the via locations, providing the position data of the vias to a digital lithography device, updating a redistributed metal layer (RDL) mask pattern according to the position data such that RDL locations correspond to the positions of the vias, and projecting the RDL mask pattern with the digital lithography device.

Abstract: A semiconductor device including a first interlayer insulating film; a conductive pattern in the first interlayer insulating film; a resistance pattern on the conductive pattern; an upper etching stopper film spaced apart from the resistance pattern, extending in parallel with a top surface of the resistance pattern, and including a first metal; a lower etching stopper film on the conductive pattern, extending in parallel with a top surface of the first interlayer insulating film, and including a second metal; and a second interlayer insulating film on the upper etching stopper film and the lower etching stopper film, wherein a distance from a top surface of the second interlayer insulating film to a top surface of the upper etching stopper film is smaller than a distance from the top surface of the second interlayer insulating film to a top surface of the lower etching stopper film.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition for an organic optoelectronic device, the composition comprising: a first host compound represented by Chemical Formula 1 below; and a second host compound represented by Chemical Formula 2 below, to an organic optoelectronic device using the composition and a display device. The details of Chemical Formulas 1 and 2 above are as defined in the specification.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition for an organic optoelectronic device, the composition comprising: a first host compound represented by Chemical Formula 1 below; and a second host compound represented by Chemical Formula 2 below, to an organic optoelectronic device using the composition and a display device. The details of Chemical Formulas 1 and 2 above are as defined in the specification.

Abstract: Provided herein is a mechanism to controllably move a wire within a flexible tubular member, the wire including opposed wire ends extending outwardly of a proximal end of the flexible tubular member, comprising a drive mechanism and a coupling located between the drive mechanism and the wire end, wherein movement of the coupling in the direction of the wire end results in opposed motion of the wire end.

Abstract: Disclosed are a compound represented by Chemical Formula 1, a composition comprising the same, an organic optoelectronic diode, and a display device. Chemical formula 1 is as defined in the specification.

Abstract: A route guidance apparatus includes: a reservation information communications unit to receive reservation information which includes at least one of a parking-reserved space of the parking lot, a vehicle type, a vehicle number, and a parking time; a reserved vehicle recognition unit to recognize a vehicle number of a reserved vehicle and determine whether the reserved vehicle enters or exits the parking lot; a traffic flow determination unit that divides an area of each floor of the parking lot into a plurality of unit areas and calculates density within the parking lot based on the number of vehicles within each divided unit area; and a parking route generation unit and an exit route generation unit that respectively generate an optimal parking route and an optimal exit route based on the calculated density; and a route guidance unit to provide the user with the generated optimal parking and exit routes.

Abstract: An embodiment apparatus for charging a parking fee includes a reservation information communications device that receives reservation information and transmits the reservation information to a communication terminal, a reserved vehicle recognition device that recognizes a vehicle number of a reserved vehicle and whether the reserved vehicle enters or exits the parking lot by using a camera, a traffic flow determination device that divides an area of each floor of the parking lot into plural areas based on a unit area, receives locations of vehicles within the parking lot, and calculates a density of the vehicles within the parking lot, a driving route generation device that generates an optimal route, a route guidance device that provides the user with the optimal route, and an off-route charging device that charges the user for moving off-route when the reserved vehicle does not move along the optimal route.

Abstract: Disclosed is a conduction cooling type superconducting rotator which includes a cryocooler, a rotary shaft including a columnar hall being spaced apart from the cryocooler to enclose the cryocooler and the rotary shaft configured to transfer a rotary power, a vacuum chamber including columnar halls arranged at both sides of the rotary shaft, first and second heat transfer elements being connected with the cryocooler and a heat transfer unit conducting a heat to the cryocooler through the first and second heat transfer elements wherein inner surfaces of the columnar halls and outer surfaces of the rotary shaft connectedly rotates and first and second cooling units configured to connect the first and second heat transfer elements and the cryocooler and the vacuum chamber is sequentially cooled in the first and second cooling unit.

Abstract: Disclosed is a multistage magnetic fluid sealing apparatus for superconducting rotating machines. According to the present invention, the magnetic fluid sealing apparatus, which is provided with a first magnetic fluid chamber and a second magnetic fluid chamber that are arranged in a multi-stage manner so as to contain a magnetic fluid capable of sealing the inner portion of a superconducting rotating machines, is installed on one surface of the superconducting rotating machines. The free magnetic fluid sealing apparatus of the invention configured to have a dual structure enables two to three fluid lines to be installed in the superconducting rotating machines.

Abstract: The present invention relates to superconducting rotating machines cooling apparatus using a heating pipe. According to the superconducting rotating machines, a shaft is fitted and coupled into a center of a central body, a stator yoke is coupled to the periphery of the central body, a superconducting coil is wound around a bobbin mounted on the stator yoke, and a cold head for cooling the superconducting coil is coupled to an end of the shaft. Also, in the superconducting rotating machines using the heating pipe, the heating pipe may be disposed on one surface from among all the surfaces of the bobbin around which the superconducting coil is wound or a winding portion of the superconducting coil so that the bobbin has a uniform temperature distribution therein.

Abstract: A rotor of superconducting rotating machines according to the present invention comprises: a yoke provided with receiving sections which are consecutively formed on the outer peripheral surface thereof; bobbins received in each of the receiving sections of the yoke; and a superconducting coil coupled with the bobbins, wherein interval-maintaining members are formed of high tenacity fibers and coupled between the yoke and the bobbins such that the bobbins are supported at an interval from the inner surfaces of the receiving sections to the bottom surfaces thereof.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for aligning a substrate and a mask are discussed. In one aspect of the present invention, the apparatus includes a mask stage, wherein the mask stage includes a mask fixing stage configured to fixedly support a mask; a base stage supporting the mask fixing stage; and at least one guide unit disposed in the base stage, coupled to the mask fixing stage, and configured to move the mask fixing stage, so as to move the mask in a predetermined direction.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for aligning a substrate and a mask are discussed. In one aspect of the present invention, the apparatus includes a mask stage, wherein the mask stage includes a mask fixing stage configured to fixedly support a mask; a base stage supporting the mask fixing stage; and at least one guide unit disposed in the base stage, coupled to the mask fixing stage, and configured to move the mask fixing stage, so as to move the mask in a predetermined direction.

Abstract: Provided are a multi-wavelength optical transceiver module and a multiplexer/demultiplexer using a thin film filter. The multi-wavelength optical transceiver module includes: a PLC platform, on which a predetermined optical waveguide unit is formed and an optical transmitter is mounted; an optical fiber coupled to one side of the PLC platform to transmit a predetermined light; a plurality of thin film filters coupled to another side of the PLC platform to separate input optical wavelengths; and an optical receiver coupled to one side of the thin film filters to receive light that is input from the optical fiber and transmits the thin film filters, thereby enabling mass production of the optical transceiver module with low cost.

Abstract: A method for converting hydrocarbon fuels to hydrogen and carbon monoxide through catalytic partial oxidation is described. The process comprises a reactor containing both an electrically heated catalyst as a start-up device and novel-metal-washcoated metallic monolith catalysts and a heat exchanging device. The partial oxidation reaction becomes ignited in less than 1.5 minute when the gaseous hydrocarbon fuel and oxygen-containing gas mixture is in contact with an electrically heated catalyst. The reaction takes place over the metallic monolith catalyst washcoated with noble metal (typically Pd/alumina-cerium oxide). The near complete conversion of hydrocarbon fuels with high hydrogen and carbon monoxide selectivities is achieved by preheating the feed mixture heat-exchanged with hot product gas stream.