Abstract: The invention pertains to the method for producing a biocompatible layer on the surface of particles of porous synthetic sorbents.An object of the invention consists in the method for producing a biocompatible layer on the surface of particles of porous synthetic sorbents by action of a solution of biocompatible polymer of acrylate or methacrylate type, or of its monomer in the presence of polymerization initiators, on a suspension of sorbent, which is agitated with steam.The method according to the invention renders a material, the sorption capacity of which is entirely retained. This is due to water, which remains enclosed in the pores of sorbent and enables the sorption of toxins also inside the gel particles. In addition, steam can be prepared completely apyrogenic and thus to secure that the sorbents remain clean inside. Clinical tests reveal that the sorbents coated by the method according to the invention have an excellent hemocompatibility.

Abstract: The invention pertains to X-ray contrast spherical hydrogel particles based on polymers and copolymers of acrylates and methacrylates and to a method of their preparation.The subject of this invention are X-ray contrast spherical hydrogel particles based on polymers and copolymers of acrylates and methacrylates characterized by the particles of spherical form with diameter 0.2 to 2 mm, which strongly swell in water and contain a derivative of amino-triiodobenzoic acid of general formula I, ##STR1## where R.sup.1,R.sup.2 is hydrogen, acyl group with 1 to 3 carbon atoms or alkyl with 1 to 10 carbon atoms and X is halogen, --OH or --NH(CH.sub.2).sub.n NH.sub.2, where n=1-6, covalently bonded to the polymer skeleton.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composite polymeric material suitable for biological and medical applications and to the method for preparation thereof. The composite material consists of 1-99 wt. % of hydrophilic polymer or copolymer based on methacrylic or acrylic esters, 1-99 wt. % of fibrillar collagen, and up to 2.5 wt. % of a crosslinking agent, based on both polymeric components. The composite material may further comprise biologically active compounds and other auxiliary materials, as fillers and/or plasticizers. The composite material is prepared by dispersing the fibrillar collagen in a solution or a highly swollen dispersion of the synthetic hydrophilic polymer or copolymer in a lytropic agent and the subsequent removal of the lyotropic agent, thus forming a matrix of the synthetic polymer or copolymer penetrated by fibrillar collagen or vice versa. The composite material may be applied on a solid support or reinforced with glass, plastics, cellulose, or metallic materials.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composite polymeric material suitable for biological and medical applications and to the method for preparation thereof. The composite material consists of 1-99 wt. % of hydrophilic polymer or copolymer based on methacrylic or acrylic esters, 1-99 wt. % of fibrillar collagen, and up to 2.5 wt. % of a crosslinking agent, based on both polymeric components. The composite material may further comprise biologically active compounds and other auxiliary materials, as fillers and/or plasticizers. The composite material is prepared by dispersing the fibrillar collagen in a solution or a highly swollen dispersion of the synthetic hydrophilic polymer or copolymer in a lyotropic agent and the subsequent removal of the lyotropic agent, thus forming a matrix of the synthetic polymer or copolymer penetrated by fibrillar collagen or vice versa. The composite material may be applied on a solid support or reinforced with glass, plastics, cellulose, or metallic materials.

Abstract: Hydrophilic latex particles consisting of a homo- or co-polymer of monomers which are sparingly soluble in water, which hydrophilic latex particles can be prepared by emulsion polymerization in the presence of a water-soluble, radical-forming initiator but without an addition of an emulsifier, stabilizer or wetting agent. A process for the preparation of these hydrophilic latex particles, wherein a monomer which is sparingly soluble in water or several monomers which are sparingly soluble in water are dispersed in water and, with the exclusion of oxygen, for example in an inert atmosphere, are homo- or co-polymerized by emulsion polymerization in the presence of a water-soluble, radical-forming initiator but without any addition of an emulsifier, stabilizer or wetting agent.A diagnostic agent containing these hydrophilic latex particles as carrier and biologically and/or immunologically active substances covalently bound to this carrier either directly or via a coupling agent as a bridge.

Abstract: The invention relates to the polar polymeric sorbent applicable in gas and liquid chromatography, which is based on glycidyl esters. The sorbent is formed by the macroporous copolymer containing 3-70% of polymerized monomeric units with epoxy groups, e.g. glycidyl methacrylate or glycidyl acrylate units, and 97-30% of a crosslinking agent, e.g. alkylene dimethacrylate, alkylene diacrylate, hydroxyalkylene dimethacrylate, hydroxyalkylene diacrylate (alkylene containing 1-6 C atoms), or divinylbenzene. The sorbent may further contain up to 30% of polymerized monomeric units containing nitrile groups, e.g. acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile units. The polarity of sorbent can be further modified, according to the invention, by the reaction with various nucleophilic agents, e.g. water, alcohols, carboxylic acids and their derivatives, ammonia, amines, thioalcohols, acrylonitrile.

Abstract: The invention relates to three-dimensional carriers consisting of inorganic porous material and 0.001-95% of unextractably sorbed reactive polymer of the general formula I: ##STR1## where R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.4 respectively are hydrogen atom, alkyl with 1-5 carbon atoms, or aryl, and R.sub.3 is the group --COO--(CH.sub.2).sub.n --, and to a method for its preparation. The three-dimensional carriers may be prepared by coating the inorganic porous material with a monomer, which is left to polymerize under the conditions of solution polymerization, while the soluble polymer, which is not bound on the surface of the inorganic material, is removed by extraction.The three-dimensional carrier may also be prepared by depositing a solution of a polymer of general formula I and with a degree of polymerization lower than 10.sup.3 on the inorganic porous material, leaving the two materials in contact with each other, and separating the unbound polymer by extraction.

Abstract: The invention relates to a negative electron resist for application in electron lithography. It consists of an organic copolymer formed by copolymerization of butadiene or isoprene with glycidyl acrylate or glycidyl methacrylate. The resist exhibits the high sensitivity to irradiation by electrons and, at the same time, a good adhesion to the base and a resistance towards common etching agents. The copolymer is advantageously prepared by radical polymerization and a high purity of the product does not require further purification. The electron resist manufactured in this way has the long-term workability.

Abstract: The invention relates to a solid insoluble carrier which is activated for bonding of nucleophilic groups and to a method of its preparation. The carrier contains active groups --O.CO.O.R, where R is the residue selected from the group comprising nitrophenyl, dinitrophenyl, trichlorophenyl, pentachlorophenyl, N-succinimidyl, N-phthalimidyl, and 8-quinolinyl. Active groups are bonded to polysaccharides, phenol-formaldehyde resins, polyacrylates, or polyacrylamides. The invention further relates to a method for preparation of the polymeric carrier, which consists in treatment of polymers carrying hydroxyl functions and selected from the group comprising polysaccharides, phenol-formaldehyde resins, polyacrylates, and polyacrylamides, with esters of chloroformic acid which contain the above mentioned active groups.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of manufacturing shaped articles from crystalline or quasi-crystalline acrylonitrile polymers and copolymers, said method consisting in cooling down a solution of said polymer or copolymer in a mixture containing from 50 to 99.5% by weight of a solvent and from 0.5 to 50% by weight of a precipitant to a temperature below the gelation point of the solution until the same gelatinizes, without changing its composition, to the desired shape, whereafter the solvent is removed from the shaped thermoreversible gel thus obtained at temperatures lower than the gelation point of the solution, preferably using a liquid precipitant of polyacrylonitrile miscible with the solvent. It is advantageous to remove the solvent at a temperature which is at least 10.degree. C. lower than the gelation temperature of the polymer solution used. The shaping can be carried out in any convenient way, e.g. using a stationary or rotating mold.

Abstract: Polymeric color pH indicators are prepared which are insoluble in the measured aqueous medium and show a certain range of color change. These polymeric indicators are the product of copolymerization of a hydrophilic comonomer, selected from esters, amides and N-substituted amides of acrylic and methacrylic acid, with 0.1- 30 wt.% of a comonomer. The comonomer forms the pH-indicating color center by a subsequent coupling with a suitable diazonium salt or a passive component. Vinylic monomers comprising an aromatic system in the molecule are suitable as the functional comonomers. The indicators are prepared by radical copolymerization of the comonomers either in a suspension or in a solution, followed by the subsequent coupling with a diazonium compound, or diazotizing and coupling with a passive component, to obtain the pH-indicating sites of polymer.

Abstract: Polymeric form of a biologically active compound containing at least one -NH.sub.2 group in its molecule, adapted for the protracted release of said biologically active compound by enzymatic cleavage of the polymer in vivo in the organism. The active compound is bonded by its -NH.sub.2 group to the carboxylic group of an L-amino acid as for instance, .beta.-phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophane, lysine, arginine, glycine, alanine, leucine, citruline or ornithine, which latter is in twin bonded by its amino group to the terminal carboxylic group of the side chain of a substituted amide or ester of acrylic or methacrylic acid, said side chain constituting a linear moiety containing at least 3 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Three-dimensional polymeric material in the form of spherical particles of diameter .ltoreq.3 mm and containing up to 40% of free aldehyde groups which exhibits a measurable specific surface area is prepared by copolymerization of an aldehyde monomer R.sub.1 CH.dbd.C(CH.dbd.O)R.sub.2, where R.sub.1 is H, C.sub.1-5 alkyl, aryl or furyl and R.sub.2 is H, C.sub.1-5 alkyl, halogen, CN, phenyl or furyl, with a crosslinking agent in the aqueous dispersion phase. The dispersion contains 1 - 25% of a component reducing the monomer solubility in water, which is either an inorganic salt of alkali metal or alkaline earth metal or a water-soluble alcohol. The crosslinking agent used as comonomer is divinylbenzene, diester CH.sub.2 .dbd.C(R.sub.1)COOR.sub.2 OCOC(R.sub.1).dbd.CH.sub.2 (R.sub.1 .dbd. H, C.sub.1-10 alkyl or halogen; R.sub.2 .dbd. C.sub.1-10 alkylene or hydroxyalkylene), or diamide CH.sub.2 .dbd.C(R.sub.1)CONHR.sub.2 NHCOC(R.sub.1).dbd.CH.sub.2 (R.sub.1 .dbd. H, C.sub.1-10 alkyl or halogen; R.sub.2 .dbd. C.

Abstract: The invention relates to polymeric materials containing variable amounts of aldehyde groups and comprising the chain units ##STR1## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are H, C.sub.1 - C.sub.5 alkyl, aryl, furyl, halogen, nitrile group or hydroxyl and R.sup.4 is C.sub.1 - C.sub.20 alkylene, arylene, --COO(CH.sub.2).sub.n --, --O--(CH.sub.2).sub.n --, --COO(CH.sub.2).sub.n CH(OH)CH.sub.2 OCO(CH.sub.2).sub.m -- or --(CH.sub.2).sub.n OCOR.sup.5 COO(CH.sub.2).sub.m -- (n and m are integers 0 - 20 and R.sup.5 is the single bond, C.sub.1 - C.sub.20 alkylene or hydroxyalkylene or arylene). The material may be in the form of globules with a measurable specific surface area and is suitable for bonding of biologically active compounds containing primary amino groups or other amines to produce polymeric chelating agents. The invention further relates to the method for preparation the above materials which consists in treatment of the polymeric materials comprising units of the general formula ##STR2## where R.sup.1, R.

Abstract: The invention relates to copolymers based on N-substituted acrylamides, N-substituted methacrylamides and N,N-disubstituted acrylamides and to a method for their manufacturing, which copolymers are prepared under conditions when the phase separation takes place. The resulting copolymer contains reactive groups and serves as the intermediate for preparation of biologically active compounds (enzymes, hormones, drugs, etc.) bonded to the polymer. The procedure according to the invention enables to prepare porous polymers suitable as separation barriers (membranes) or column packings for gel or affinity chromatography, if the polymerization is carried out in the presence of a divinyl component.

Abstract: Organic three-dimensional polymeric gel-like materials containing covalently bonded phosphoric acid or a derivative thereof and a method for their manufacture. The bonding is accomplished by the reaction of the free hydroxy or epoxide groups in the homogeneous or macroporous gel-like matrix with the H.sub.3 PO.sub.4, P.sub.2 O.sub.5, phosphorus pentahalide and oxyhalide. The halide containing groups may then be hydrolyzed to form acid groups which then may be modified to form complex compounds by reaction with Lewis acids. The gel material may serve as a strongly acidic cation exchanger, catalyst or polymer reagent.