Abstract: An impact reducing headgear is disclosed which utilizes dynamically responsive materials which undergo physical changes during exposure to impact forces, such that physical changes or phase changes absorb energy. The helmet may be constructed with a dual shell structure and a bladder, where the dynamically responsive materials may be contained. An embodiment for a comfortable fit which remains tight to the wearer's head is disclosed.

Abstract: An impact reducing headgear is disclosed which utilizes dynamically responsive materials which undergo physical changes during exposure to impact forces, such that physical changes or phase changes absorb energy. The helmet may be constructed with a dual shell structure and a bladder, where the dynamically responsive materials may be contained. A embodiment for a comfortable fit which remains tight to the wearer's head is disclosed.

Abstract: An impact reducing headgear is disclosed which utilizes dynamically responsive materials which undergo physical changes during exposure to impact forces, such that physical changes or phase changes absorb energy. The helmet may be constructed with a dual shell structure and a bladder, where the dynamically responsive materials may be contained.

Abstract: A preoperative tumor marking may be used to assist physicians in the removal of tumor tissue by clearly defining the margins of the tumor. An imaging technique, such as mammography, may be employed to visualize the tumor. The visualized tumor may be marked with a polymer, either directly or indirectly. The polymer may be liquid at room temperature and harden at body temperature, making the tumor palpable, but not changing the tumor's cellular and physical state. The polymer may also include a coloring agent that may aid in visualizing the lesion. This will assist a surgeon during excision by allowing him/her to both feel and see the tumor and remove enough of the tissue surrounding the tumor to greatly reduce the need for a second surgical procedure due to a failure to remove all tumor tissue during an initial surgery.

Abstract: A preoperative tumor marking may be used to assist physicians in the removal of tumor tissue by clearly defining the margins of the tumor. An imaging technique, such as mammography, may be employed to visualize the tumor. The visualized tumor may be marked with a polymer, either directly or indirectly. The polymer may be liquid at room temperature and harden at body temperature, making the tumor palpable, but not changing the tumor's cellular and physical state. The polymer may also include a coloring agent that may aid in visualizing the lesion. This will assist a surgeon during excision by allowing him/her to both feel and see the tumor and remove enough of the tissue surrounding the tumor to greatly reduce the need for a second surgical procedure due to a failure to remove all tumor tissue during an initial surgery.