Abstract: An embodiment of a torch ignitor system for a combustor of a gas turbine engine includes a torch ignitor, the torch ignitor include a combustion chamber oriented about a torch axis, the combustion chamber having axially upstream and downstream ends defining a flow direction through the combustion chamber, along the axis. The torch ignitor further includes a tip at a downstream end of the elbow for issuing the injection of combustion products. An embodiment of a method includes initiating combustion in a combustion chamber of a torch ignitor to produce an ignition jet flame extending along an ignition jet flame axis, and igniting a fuel/air mixture in a gas turbine combustor by issuing a respective spray cone of the fuel/air mixture from a respective fuel injectors in a plurality of fuel injectors, wherein the ignition jet flame axis intersects a plurality of the spray cones.

Abstract: A heat shielded assembly includes a fuel structure of a combustor of a gas turbine engine and a woven heat shield at least partially conformally surrounding the fuel structure and spaced from an exterior of the fuel structure by a distance where it surrounds the fuel structure. The fuel structure is configured to deliver fuel to the combustor. The woven heat shield comprises a first set of strands, a second set of strands interwoven with the first set of strands, and a weave pattern comprising the first set of strands and the second set of strands. Each strand of the first set of strands extends in a first direction, each strand of the second set of strands extends in a second direction transverse to the first direction, and the first set of strands and the second set of strands are not attached where they intersect in the weave pattern.

Abstract: A torch ignitor system provides a continuous flame to ignite fuel within a combustor of a gas turbine engine. The torch ignitor system includes a manifold and a plurality of torch nozzles to enable the flame or torch to simultaneously ignite multiple fuel nozzles within the combustor of the gas turbine engine.

Abstract: An embodiment of a torch igniter for a combustor of a gas turbine engine includes a combustion chamber oriented about an axis, a cap defining the axially upstream end of the combustion chamber and situated on the axis, a tip defining the axially downstream end of the combustion chamber, an igniter wall extending from the cap to the tip and defining a radial extent of the combustion chamber, a structural wall coaxial with and surrounding the igniter wall, an outlet passage defined by the igniter wall within the tip, wherein the outlet passage fluidly connects the combustion chamber to the combustor of the gas turbine engine, and a cooling system. The cooling system has an air inlet, a cooling channel, and an aperture. The cooling channel forms a flow path having a first axial section, a second axial section, a radially inward section, and a radially outward section.

Abstract: A torch igniter system for a combustor of a gas turbine engine includes a housing defining a combustion chamber, an ignition source disposed at least partially in the combustion chamber, a fuel injector, a first fluid path connecting a first fuel source to the fuel injector, a second fluid path connecting an air source to the fuel injector, and a third fluid path connecting a second fuel source to the combustion chamber. The fuel injector is configured to inject fuel, air, or a mixture of fuel and air into the combustion chamber and to impinge on the ignition source.

Abstract: An embodiment of a torch igniter for a combustor of a gas turbine engine includes a combustion chamber oriented about an axis, a cap defining the axially upstream end of the combustion chamber and situated on the axis, a tip defining the axially downstream end of the combustion chamber, an igniter wall extending from the cap to the tip and defining a radial extent of the combustion chamber, a structural wall coaxial with and surrounding the igniter wall, an outlet passage defined by the igniter wall within the tip, wherein the outlet passage fluidly connects the combustion chamber to the combustor of the gas turbine engine, and a cooling system. The cooling system has an air inlet, a cooling channel, and an aperture. The cooling channel forms a flow path having a first axial section, a second axial section, a radially inward section, and a radially outward section.

Abstract: An embodiment of a torch igniter for a combustor of a gas turbine engine includes a combustion chamber oriented about an axis, a cap defining an axially upstream end of the combustion chamber, a tip defining the axially downstream end of the combustion chamber, an igniter wall extending from the cap to the tip and defining a radial extent of the combustion chamber, a structural wall coaxial with and surrounding the igniter wall, an outlet passage defined by the igniter wall within the tip, a glow plug housing configured to receive a glow plug and allow an innermost end of the glow plug to extend into the combustion chamber, and a cooling system. The cooling system includes an air inlet formed within an exterior of the structural wall, a cooling channel forming a flow path through the structural wall at the glow plug housing, and an air passage.

Abstract: A fuel injector system includes an outer support and an inner support, with a feed arm extending radially between the inner support and the outer support. A plurality of outlet openings extend in an axial direction from the feed arm for feeding respective injection nozzles. The outer support and feed arm define a plurality of fuel passages therethrough to convey fluid from an external source through the outer support and feed arm to the outlet openings. A heat shield extends around the feed arm from the outer support to the inner support. The heat shield is spaced apart from the feed arm with an insulative gap therebetween.

Abstract: An embodiment of a torch igniter for a combustor of a gas turbine engine comprises a combustion chamber oriented about an axis, a cap defining an axially upstream end of the combustion chamber and oriented about the axis, a tip defining an axially downstream end of the combustion chamber, a structural wall coaxial with and surrounding the igniter wall, an outlet passage defined by the igniter wall within the tip, and a cooling system. The cooling system comprises an air inlet formed within the structural wall, a first flow path disposed between the structural wall and the igniter wall, and an aperture extending through the igniter wall transverse to the flow direction. The aperture directly fluidly connects the first flow path to the combustion chamber.

Abstract: An embodiment of a system for measuring fuel ignition within a torch igniter for a combustor in a gas turbine engine includes a housing surrounding and defining a combustion chamber, a first glow plug received through the housing, and control circuitry. An innermost end of the first glow plug extends into the combustion chamber while an outermost end opposite the innermost end extends away from the combustion chamber. The control circuitry is connected to the outermost end of the glow plug and is configured to measure a temperature of the innermost end of the glow plug based on electrical resistance of the glow plug. The control circuitry is further configured to determine an operational parameter of the torch igniter based on the temperature.

Abstract: A combustor system for a gas turbine engine includes a combustor case, a combustor liner disposed within the combustor case and defining a main combustion chamber, a dome defining an upstream end of the main combustion chamber, and at least one torch injector attached to the dome of the main combustion chamber configured to inject combustion gases into the main combustion chamber. Each torch injector includes a torch injector housing defining and surrounding a torch combustion chamber configured to house a combustion reaction, an outlet passage defined by the torch injector housing, an electrothermal ignition source extending at least partially into the torch combustion chamber, and a fuel injector configured to inject fuel into the torch combustion chamber to at least partially impinge on the electrothermal ignition source and generate the combustion gases. The outlet passage directly fluidly connects the torch combustion chamber to the main combustion chamber.

Abstract: A system includes an engine case. A heat exchanger is included inside the engine case. The heat exchanger includes an air passage and a fuel passage. The air passage and fuel passage are in fluid isolation from one another, but are in thermal communication with one another for exchange of heat.

Abstract: A multipoint fuel injection system comprises an injection system segment including a circumferentially extending outer support defining a fuel manifold with a plurality of manifold passages extending circumferentially therethrough. A first connector is included at a first circumferential end of the outer support and a second connector is included at a second circumferential end of the outer support opposite the first circumferential end. The first and second connectors are each configured to connect each manifold passage with a manifold passages of a respective outer support of a circumferentially adjacent injection system segment. The system includes a circumferentially extending inner support and a plurality of circumferentially spaced apart feed arms extending radially between the inner support and the outer support. A plurality of outlet openings extend in an axial direction from each feed arm for feeding respective injection nozzles.

Abstract: A fuel injector system includes an outer support and an inner support, with a feed arm extending radially between the inner support and the outer support. A plurality of outlet openings extend in an axial direction from the feed arm for feeding respective injection nozzles. The outer support and feed arm define a plurality of fuel passages therethrough to convey fluid from an external source through the outer support and feed arm to the outlet openings. A heat shield extends around the feed arm from the outer support to the inner support. The heat shield is spaced apart from the feed arm with an insulative gap therebetween.

Abstract: A nozzle includes an outer gas flow path, an inner gas flow path radially inward from the outer gas flow path, a liquid flow path defined radially between the inner gas flow path and the outer air flow path, and a core conduit defined radially inward from the inner gas flow path. An injector assembly includes an outer housing, a nozzle within the outer housing, and an outer housing gas flow path defined radially outward from the nozzle between an inner surface of the outer housing and an outer surface of the nozzle. The nozzle includes an outer gas flow path, an inner gas flow path radially inward from the outer gas flow path, a liquid flow path defined radially between the inner gas flow path and the outer gas flow path and a core conduit defined radially inward from the inner gas flow path.

Abstract: A system includes an internal manifold ring defining at least one circumferentially extending flow channel. A plurality of feed arms extends outward from the manifold ring. A circumferentially segmented outer ring can be supported from the feed arms, outboard of the feed arms. Each feed arm can include a plurality of branches extending therefrom, wherein each branch is in fluid communication with the manifold ring through a respective one of the feed arms. A plurality of nozzles can be included, each nozzle connected to a respective one of the branches, wherein the system is devoid of nozzles radially inward from the manifold ring.

Abstract: A fuel injection system includes an outer support defining a fuel manifold and an inner support, with a feed arm extending radially between the inner support and the outer support. A plurality of outlet openings extending in an axial direction from the feed arm for feeding respective injection nozzles. The feed arm defines a plurality of fuel passages therethrough in fluid communication with the fuel manifold and outlet openings to supply fuel from the fuel manifold to the outlet openings. A heat shield extends from the outer support to the inner support and extends about the outer support and the feed arm to provide heat shielding to the fuel manifold and the fuel passages.

Abstract: A torch ignitor system provides a continuous flame to ignite fuel within a combustor of a gas turbine engine. The torch ignitor system includes a torch ignitor, a housing, a flow channel, and an outlet nozzle. The torch ignitor system is configured to receive high-pressure air from the high-pressure compressor region of a gas turbine engine to increase operational characteristics of the torch ignitor system, including fuel atomization, cooling of the torch ignitor system, and circulation of combustion air within the torch ignitor system.

Abstract: An air mixer includes an annular body defining a center axis. A plurality of slots are defined in the annular body circumferentially spaced apart from one another. Each slot defines a respective center injection axis extending from an outer surface of the annular body to an inner surface of the annular body. Each respective center injection axis is parallel to a respective plane bisecting the annular body. At least one of the slots is intersected by the respective bisecting plane parallel to its respective center injection axis.

Abstract: A fuel injector system for a torch igniter includes an injector body centered on an axis, a receiving aperture formed in a cap of the torch igniter, an injector aperture, an air channel, a fuel channel, and a purge passage formed in a housing of the torch igniter and fluidly connected to a cooling air source. The injector body includes an axial wall at a first axial end of the injector body, an outer wall connected to the axial wall and extending along the axis transverse to the first wall, and an inner portion connected to the axial wall and extending along the axis transverse to the axial wall. An outer surface of the inner portion is spaced a distance from an inner surface of the outer wall, forming an insulating space between the outer wall and the inner portion.