Abstract: A robotic surgical tool includes an elongate shaft extendable through a handle, a drive cable extending along a portion of the shaft, and an actuation system housed within the handle and including an input stack having first and second ends. The input stack includes a drive input arranged at the first end, and an accumulator arranged between the first and second ends and including a differential body defining upper and lower redirect surfaces, and a redirect feature offset from the upper and lower redirect surfaces, wherein the drive cable is threaded through the upper and lower redirect surfaces and the redirect feature, and wherein actuating the actuation system rotates the input stack and thereby acts on the drive cable to cause one or more operations of the surgical tool.

Abstract: A robotic surgical tool includes an elongate shaft, an end effector arranged at a distal end of the shaft and including opposing first and second jaws, and an articulable wrist that interposes the end effector and the distal end, the wrist including a linkage providing one or more lateral arms receivable within a corresponding one or more grooves defined in the first and second jaws, wherein mounting the linkage to the first and second jaws at the corresponding one or more groove generates a jaw pivot where the first and second jaws pivot between open and closed positions.

Abstract: A robotic surgical tool includes a handle providing a first drive input and a second drive input, an elongate shaft extendable through the handle and having an end effector arranged at a distal end thereof, and a rack extending along a portion of the shaft and operatively coupled to a knife located at the end effector. Actuation of the first drive input transitions the rack between a locked configuration, where the rack is locked to the shaft, and a released configuration, where the rack is released from the shaft. Actuation of the second drive input with the rack in the locked configuration drives the rack and causes z-axis translation of the shaft through the handle. Actuation of the second drive input with the rack in the released configuration drives the rack relative to the shaft and thereby advances or retracts the knife at the end effector.

Abstract: A robotic surgical tool includes a drive housing having first and second ends, a spline extending between the ends and including a drive gear that rotates with spline rotation, and a carriage mounted to the spline. A shaft extends from the carriage, penetrates the first end, and has an end effector arranged at a distal end. An activating mechanism is housed in the carriage and includes an input gear operatively coupled to the drive gear such that rotation of the drive gear correspondingly rotates the input gear, and a firing rod defining external threads threadably engageable with internal threads of the input gear. The firing rod is coupled to a knife at the end effector such that movement of the firing rod correspondingly moves the knife in the same direction. The drive gear is rotated to rotate the input gear and thereby move the firing rod and the knife.

Abstract: A robotic surgical tool includes an elongate shaft extendable through a handle providing a drive input, a drive cable extending along a portion of the shaft and having a proximal end anchored to the shaft proximal to the handle and a distal end anchored to the shaft distal to the handle, an actuation system housed within the handle and operatively coupled to the drive input such that actuation of the drive input operates the actuation system, and a toggle mechanism arranged at a proximal end of the shaft and actuatable to close or open opposing jaws of an end effector arranged at a distal end of the shaft. The drive cable is threaded through portions of the actuation system and the toggle mechanism such that operation of the actuation system acts on the drive cable and thereby actuates the toggle mechanism to close or open the opposing jaws.

Abstract: An end effector for a robotic surgical tool includes a first jaw providing a first jaw extension, a second jaw providing a second jaw extension, and an articulable wrist operatively coupled to the first and second jaws. The wrist includes a distal clevis, first and second pulleys rotatably mounted to the distal clevis at a pivot axis, the first jaw extension being pinned to the first pulley and the second jaw extension being pinned to the second pulley, and a linkage mounted to the first and second jaws and defining a slot. An alignment arm is rotatably mounted to the first pulley at the pivot axis and providing an alignment bar translatable within the slot.

Abstract: A robotic surgical tool includes a drive housing having first and second ends, at least one spline extending between the first and second ends and including a drive gear that rotates with rotation of the spline, and a carriage mounted to the spline. A closure tube extends from the carriage through the first end and has an end effector arranged at a distal end. An activating mechanism is housed in the carriage and includes a driven gear coupled to the drive gear such that rotation of the drive gear rotates the driven gear, and a carrier arranged at a proximal end of the closure tube and coupled to the driven gear such that rotation of the driven gear moves the carrier and the closure tube axially along a longitudinal axis of the closure tube. Moving the closure tube along the longitudinal axis closes or opens end effector jaws.

Abstract: A robotic surgical tool includes an elongate shaft extendable through a handle, a drive cable extending along a portion of the shaft, and an actuation system housed within the handle and including an input stack having first and second ends. The input stack includes a drive input arranged at the first end, and an accumulator arranged between the first and second ends and including a differential body defining upper and lower redirect surfaces, and a redirect feature offset from the upper and lower redirect surfaces, wherein the drive cable is threaded through the upper and lower redirect surfaces and the redirect feature, and wherein actuating the actuation system rotates the input stack and thereby acts on the drive cable to cause one or more operations of the surgical tool.

Abstract: A robotic surgical tool includes a handle having a plurality of drive inputs rotatably mounted thereto, an elongate shaft extending through the handle and having an end effector arranged at a distal end thereof, and a plurality of drive members extending along the shaft to the end effector. A plurality of input stacks are arranged within the handle and operatively coupled to the plurality of drive inputs such that actuation of the plurality of drive inputs rotates the plurality of input stacks. Each input stack includes a drive member engagement device that locates and captures a corresponding one of the plurality of drive members at the handle upon rotation of the input stack.

Abstract: An end effector for a robotic surgical tool includes a lower jaw, and an upper jaw opposite the lower jaw and including a first component part matable with a second component part at a mated interface that extends longitudinally and vertically.

Abstract: A robotic surgical tool includes an elongate shaft, an end effector arranged at a distal end of the shaft and including a first jaw providing a first jaw extension and a second jaw providing a second jaw extension, and an articulable wrist that interposes the end effector and the distal end, the wrist including an articulation joint rotatable about a first pivot axis, and first and second pulleys rotatably mounted to the articulation joint at a second pivot axis perpendicular to the first pivot axis, the first pulley interposing the first jaw extension and a first joint portion of the articulation joint, and the second pulley interposing the second jaw extension and a second joint portion of the articulation joint. Joining the first and second joint portions secures the first and second pulleys within the wrist.

Abstract: A robotic surgical tool includes an elongate shaft, an end effector arranged at a distal end of the shaft and including opposing first and second jaws, and an articulable wrist that interposes the end effector and the distal end, the wrist including a linkage providing one or more lateral arms receivable within a corresponding one or more grooves defined in the first and second jaws, wherein mounting the linkage to the first and second jaws at the corresponding one or more groove generates a jaw pivot where the first and second jaws pivot between open and closed positions.

Abstract: A robotic surgical tool includes an elongate shaft, an end effector arranged at a distal end of the shaft and including opposing first and second jaws, an articulable wrist that interposes the end effector and the distal end and includes one or more articulation joints, at least one guiding component arranged within a central portion of the wrist, and a knife rod extending through and supported by the at least one guiding component and terminating at a knife.

Abstract: A robotic surgical tool includes a handle providing a drive input, an elongate shaft extendable through the handle and having an end effector arranged at a distal end of the shaft, and an accumulator system housed within the handle and operatively coupled to the drive input such that actuation of the drive input operates the accumulator system. At least one drive cable is threaded through the accumulator system and extends distally along the shaft, wherein operation of the accumulator system acts on the at least one drive cable to operate the end effector.

Abstract: A robotic surgical tool includes a shaft extendable through a handle, an end effector arranged at a distal end of the shaft and including a first and second jaws providing first and second jaw extension, a plurality of drive members extending along the shaft and actuatable by the handle, and an articulable wrist interposing the end effector and the distal end. The wrist includes a proximal clevis, a distal clevis rotatably coupled to the proximal clevis, first and second pulleys rotatably mounted to the distal clevis, the first jaw extension being pinned to the first pulley and the second jaw extension being pinned to the second pulley, and a linkage mounted to the jaws. The plurality of drive members terminate at the first and second pulleys and are antagonistically operable to open and close the jaws and articulate the end effector in pitch and yaw.

Abstract: A robotic surgical tool includes an elongate shaft extendable through a handle providing a drive input, a drive cable extending along a portion of the shaft and having a proximal end anchored to the shaft proximal to the handle and a distal end anchored to the shaft distal to the handle, an actuation system housed within the handle and operatively coupled to the drive input such that actuation of the drive input operates the actuation system, and a toggle mechanism arranged at a proximal end of the shaft and actuatable to close or open opposing jaws of an end effector arranged at a distal end of the shaft. The drive cable is threaded through portions of the actuation system and the toggle mechanism such that operation of the actuation system acts on the drive cable and thereby actuates the toggle mechanism to close or open the opposing jaws.

Abstract: A robotic surgical tool includes an elongate shaft, an end effector arranged at a distal end of the shaft and including opposing first and second jaws, an articulable wrist that interposes the end effector and the distal end, the wrist including an articulation joint pivotable about an axis and a linkage mounted to the first and second jaws, a distal wedge positioned distal to the articulation joint and within a central portion of the wrist, and an electrical conductor extending through the wrist and to an electrode located at the end effector, wherein the distal wedge guides the electrical conductor to the electrode.

Abstract: A robotic surgical tool includes a handle providing a first drive input and a second drive input, an elongate shaft extendable through the handle and having an end effector arranged at a distal end thereof, and a rack extending along a portion of the shaft and operatively coupled to a knife located at the end effector. Actuation of the first drive input transitions the rack between a locked configuration, where the rack is locked to the shaft, and a released configuration, where the rack is released from the shaft. Actuation of the second drive input with the rack in the locked configuration drives the rack and causes z-axis translation of the shaft through the handle. Actuation of the second drive input with the rack in the released configuration drives the rack relative to the shaft and thereby advances or retracts the knife at the end effector.

Abstract: A robotic surgical tool includes an elongate shaft extendable through a handle that provides a drive input, an actuation system housed within the handle and operatively coupled to the drive input such that actuation of the drive input operates the actuation system, a rocker bar system arranged at a proximal end of the shaft and actuatable to articulate an end effector at a distal end of the shaft, and first and second drive cables extending along a portion of the shaft, each drive cable having a proximal end anchored to the shaft proximal to the handle and a distal end anchored to the shaft distal to the handle, wherein the drive cables are threaded through portions of the actuation and rocker bar systems such that operation of the actuation system acts on the drive cables and thereby actuates the rocker bar system to articulate the end effector.

Abstract: A robotic surgical tool includes a handle, an elongate shaft extended through the handle, and an actuation system housed within the handle and including a drive belt extending along a portion of the shaft and having a distal end anchored to the shaft distal to the handle and a proximal end anchored to the shaft proximal to the handle, and a drive gear mounted to the handle to receive the drive belt. Operating the actuation system rotates the drive gear to drive the drive belt and thereby cause z-axis translation of the shaft through the handle.