Abstract: An apparatus for controlling backlighting of an electronic display, such as a liquid crystal display (LCD) panel. The apparatus may synchronize a power cycle of one or more light-emitting diode (LED) strings to a frame rate of the LCD panel.

Abstract: A method of CMP of the semiconductor device where the method comprises the sequential steps of providing a semiconductor device, forming a copper layer on the semiconductor device and planarizing the copper layer with a medium. The medium comprises an abrasive component and a chemical solution. The chemical solution comprises water, an oxidizing agent, a first coordinating ligand adapted to form a complex with Cu(I) and a second coordinating ligand adapted to form a complex with Cu(II).

Abstract: A method for chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) a copper layer (22) begins by forming the copper layer (22). The copper layer (22) is then exposed to a slurry (24). The slurry (24) contains an oxidizing agent such as H.sub.2 O.sub.2, a carboxylate salt such as ammonium citrate, an abrasive slurry such as alumna abrasive, an optional triazole or triazole derivative, and a remaining balance of a solvent such as deionized water. The use of the slurry (24) polishes the copper layer (22) with a high rate of removal whereby pitting and corrosion of the copper layer (22) is reduced and good copper interconnect planarity is achieved. This slurry (24) has good selectivity of copper to oxide, and results in copper devices which have good electrical performance. In addition, disposal of the slurry (24) is not environmentally difficult since the slurry (24) is environmentally sound when compared to other prior art slurries.