Abstract: A context-aware training system senses a user action that may expose the user to a threat, such as a cybersecurity threat. The system selects a training action from a collection of available training actions and causes the training action to be delivered to the user or a group of users. The system includes an administrator interface that enables an administrator to select, customize and/or assign constraints to the training action that will be delivered to the user(s).

Abstract: A context-aware training system senses sensing a user action that may expose the user's computer to a cybersecurity threat. The system selects training action from a collection of available training actions and causes the training action to be selected to the user.

Abstract: A context-aware training system senses a user action that may expose the user to a threat, such as a cybersecurity threat. The system selects a training action from a collection of available training actions and causes the training action to be delivered to the user or a group of users. The system includes an administrator interface that enables an administrator to select, customize and/or assign constraints to the training action that will be delivered to the user(s).

Abstract: A training system senses a user action that may expose the user to a threat, such as a cybersecurity threat. The user action may be in response to a mock attack delivered via a messaging service, a wireless communication service, a fake malware application or another device, service, system or mechanism. The system selects a training action from a collection of available training actions and causes the training action to be delivered to the user.

Abstract: Context-aware training systems, apparatuses and systems. The context-aware training systems, apparatuses and systems are computer-implemented and include sensing a user action and, based on a training needs model, estimating a cost or benefit to exposing the user to a training action, selecting a training action from a collection of available training actions and delivering the training action to the user if the user action indicates a need for the user to be trained and the cost or benefit to exposing the user to the training action indicates user exposure to the training action is warranted.

Abstract: A semiconductor device has at least two main carbon-rich regions and two additional carbon-rich regions. The main carbon-rich regions are separately located in a substrate so that a channel region is located between them. The additional carbon-rich regions are respectively located underneath the main carbon-rich regions. The carbon concentrations is higher in the main carbon-rich regions and lower in the additional carbon-rich regions, and optionally, the absolute value of a gradient of the carbon concentration of the bottom portion of the main carbon-rich regions is higher than the absolute value of a gradient of the carbon concentration of the additional carbon-rich regions. Therefore, the leakage current induced by a lattice mismatch effect at the carbon-rich and the carbon-free interface can be minimized.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for dechucking an electrostatic chuck are disclosed. The gas escapes through an opening between a wafer and a chuck in each stage of a multi-stages process. In each stage, during at least a portion of the stage, the chucking voltage is reduced to a value less than the least threshold voltage needed for holding the wafer, so that the wafer is pushed away from the chuck by the gas. Hence, the gas can escape from an opening between the wafer and the chuck, thereby increasing the dechucking rate. By controlling the decrement and/or the duration of the reduced voltage, any potential damages due to the pushed-away wafer can be minimized.

Abstract: A semiconductor device has at least two main carbon-rich regions and two additional carbon-rich regions. The main carbon-rich regions are separately located in a substrate so that a channel region is located between them. The additional carbon-rich regions are respectively located underneath the main carbon-rich regions. The carbon concentrations is higher in the main carbon-rich regions and lower in the additional carbon-rich regions, and optionally, the absolute value of a gradient of the carbon concentration of the bottom portion of the main carbon-rich regions is higher than the absolute value of a gradient of the carbon concentration of the additional carbon-rich regions. Therefore, the leakage current induced by a lattice mismatch effect at the carbon-rich and the carbon-free interface can be minimized.

Abstract: A proposed indirect heated cathode has an inner tubular shell inserted into an arc chamber for creating plasma by a filament, which is disposed in the inner tubular shell and then covered by an end cap. There are at least two outstanding talons disposed on the end surface of the inner tubular shell, and a step gap is configured on between the end surface of the inner tubular shell and the outstanding talons. The end cap can be lodged into the step gap, and fixed. Therefore, the end cap can be easily uncovered from the end of the inner tubular shell, as a result to simplify the replacement of the filament.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for dechucking an electrostatic chuck are disclosed. The gas escapes through an opening between a wafer and a chuck in each stage of a multi-stages process. In each stage, during at least a portion of the stage, the chucking voltage is reduced to a value less than the least threshold voltage needed for holding the wafer, so that the wafer is pushed away from the chuck by the gas. Hence, the gas can escape from an opening between the wafer and the chuck, thereby increasing the dechucking rate. By controlling the decrement and/or the duration of the reduced voltage, any potential damages due to the pushed-away wafer can be minimized.

Abstract: Testing systems and methods are provided for determining domain data coverage of a test of a codebase. The testing system may include a coverage program having a setup module configured to receive user input indicative of a target domain data table to be monitored during the test. The coverage program may further include a test module configured to programmatically generate a shadow table configured to receive coverage data, and to create one or more triggers on the target domain data table. The triggers may be configured, upon firing, to make entries of coverage data in the shadow table indicating that the trigger was fired during the test. The coverage program may also include an output module configured to compare the shadow table and the target domain data table to produce a coverage result, and to display the coverage result via a graphical user interface.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus and program products for using historical contextual data in a ubiquitous computing environment. The historical contextual data can be dispersed among components in an environment or logging services as well as stored on a particular component or logging service. The historical contextual data can be used to help create or re-create component configurations within the relevant environment through the use of abstract applications and abstract components. Abstract applications can be specified to create connections with specific components. Abstract applications can also be generalized so that they need not create connections with specific components, but can create component connections that perform a desired function by determining which components to use from the available components, and how to connect the selected components to perform the function.

Abstract: A system for enabling components on arbitrary networks to communicate includes a plurality of arbitrary components, such as computers, servers, laptops, facsimile machines, copier machines and cellular telephones, including applications operating on those components, such as word processing or data base applications, connected together by one or more networks that may use the same or different protocols. A method includes a first component, such as a computer, obtaining aggregate objects from other components, such as a laptop or server. Each of the aggregate objects are associated with discovered component objects of the other components, such as the laptop or server. The first component selects at least one of the components associated with the aggregate objects, and invokes universal interfaces associated with the selected arbitrary components to communicate with other arbitrary components.

Abstract: Methods, systems, apparatus and program products for gathering contextual history from components in an environment and applying an operation on the gathered history to assist a user in selecting which components to use in the environment.

Abstract: Methods and systems for enabling arbitrary components to control communications, such as data transfers, without having or requiring prior knowledge of each other. The system includes a component that creates controller objects for a communication, such as a data transfer involving several components. Further, the component associates the controller objects with a communication session object of the data transfer, such as a data transfer session object. One or more of the components involved in the data transfer obtain the controller objects through the data transfer session object and execute source-specific instructions included in the obtained controller objects to generate user interfaces. The user interfaces enable the components to control aspects of the communication, such as the data transfer.

Abstract: Handling data at one of a plurality of components, wherein the plurality of components includes at least a sink component and a source component. The source component transfers data to the sink component, and the sink component accesses an obtained data type handler object to invoke an interface implemented by the handler object. The invoked type handler interface includes source-specific instructions that are executed by the sink component regardless of whether the data is a format that the sink natively understands.

Abstract: A method and system for unifying component metadata includes components, such as computers, laptops or flat panel display devices and software entities, connected together by one or more networks. A method includes a first component, such as a laptop device, obtaining intrinsic metadata associated with one or more other components, such as a computer and a flat panel display device. The first component combines intrinsic metadata received from each component with extrinsic metadata of the first component, and provides the combined metadata to the other components, although the first component may also utilize the combined metadata. The components are able to obtain a consistent, unified view of the combined metadata without needing any prior programming and without requiring the use of centralized servers.

Abstract: A system and improved method are provided for storage and error recovery of streams of MPEG data on storage media in audio/visual systems. Storage locations on the storage media are selected for streams of MPEG data according to the data rates of the streams of MPEG data and the properties of the available storage locations on the storage media. Error recovery is selectively implemented based on the content of the streams of MPEG data, and transmission bandwidth of the streams of MPEG data is maximized.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention provides a system that facilitates dynamic delivery of service profiles to a client. During operation, the system performs a discovery operation to allow the client to discover new services on a network. If a new service is discovered for which the client does not possess a service profile, the client to obtains the service profile from the new service and subsequently installs it, thereby enabling the client to interact with the new service.

Abstract: Methods, systems, apparatus and program products for gathering contextual history from components in an environment and applying an operation on the gathered history to assist a user in selecting which components to use in the environment.