Abstract: A system and method for producing a coal product from a carbon source material. The coal product may include a green carbon foam, a finished carbon foam, and/or a coal siding product. The system and method for producing a green carbon foam may involve pulverizing the carbon source material prior to processing the pulverized carbon source material to produce the green carbon foam using a float bath or an extruder. During production of the green carbon foam, the temperature of the float bath or extruder may be maintained at a temperature determined relative to the Gieseler fluidity properties of the carbon source material used.

Abstract: An apparatus for converting carbon dioxide and natural gas liquids into other chemicals and/or fuels, comprising at least one electrochemical cell, wherein the electrochemical cell reduces the endothermic load associated with electrochemical CO2 reduction, and a method for converting carbon dioxide and natural gas liquids into carbon monoxide and other chemicals and/or fuels, comprising converting CO2 into CO and converting C2H6 into C2H4 at a temperature in the range of 650° C.-750° C.

Abstract: An apparatus for converting carbon dioxide and natural gas liquids into other chemicals and/or fuels, comprising at least one electrochemical cell, wherein the electrochemical cell reduces the endothermic load associated with electrochemical CO2 reduction, and a method for converting carbon dioxide and natural gas liquids into carbon monoxide and other chemicals and/or fuels, comprising converting CO2 into CO and converting C2H6 into C2H4 at a temperature in the range of 650° C.-750° C.

Abstract: A carbon polymer composite (CPC) including a polymer and a carbon source material. The polymer may include polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and/or high density polyethylene (HDPE). The carbon source material may include coal and/or other sources of carbon. The carbon source material may be oxidized using a gaseous or liquid oxidizing agent. A CPC including PVC may be used to make a piping product. A CPC including HDPE may be used to make a wood replacement product.

Abstract: An apparatus for converting carbon dioxide and natural gas liquids into other chemicals and/or fuels, comprising at least one electrochemical cell, wherein the electrochemical cell reduces the endothermic load associated with electrochemical CO2 reduction, and a method for converting carbon dioxide and natural gas liquids into carbon monoxide and other chemicals and/or fuels, comprising converting CO2 into CO and converting C2H6 into C2H4 at a temperature in the range of 650° C.-750° C.

Abstract: A composite is formed from a combination of a polymer and pulverized coal and optionally a compatibilizing agent. The coal forms from about 10 to about 80% of the composite. The composite is form by blending the pulverized coal with the polymer to form the composite.

Abstract: A method of, and apparatus and system for, decontaminating a liquid containing dissolved solids including subjecting liquid containing dissolved solids to Joule heating under conditions effective to cause said dissolved solids to precipitate out of solution.

Abstract: A supercritical vessel for separating dissolved solids from a fluid solution includes a main body defining a separation chamber adapted to contain a fluid solution while the fluid solution is heated to a supercritical temperature so as to produce a supercritical fluid from which dissolved solids precipitate. The vessel further includes a fluid inlet for receiving fluid solution, a fluid outlet for discharging supercritical fluid, and a precipitate outlet for discharging precipitated solids. The main body is tilted at a tilt angle relative to horizontal such that the fluid inlet is positioned vertically higher than the fluid outlet and the precipitate outlet, so as to induce movement of the precipitated solids in a downward direction toward the precipitate outlet. The fluid inlet may be positioned proximate a first end of the main body, and the fluid outlet and precipitate outlet may be positioned proximate a second end.

Abstract: Flow and product waste water from fracturing can be cleaned and reused utilizing a precipitation methodology incorporating, in part, a super critical reactor 30. Initially, the waste water is treated to remove solids, destroy bacteria, and precipitate out certain salts, such as barium, strontium, calcium, magnesium and iron. The waste water then can be passed through a radioactive material adsorption unit 20 to remove radium, as well as other radioactive materials, and then introduced into the super critical reactor 30. The super critical reactor is designed to bring the waste water to super critical conditions at a central portion of the reactor. This causes any dissolve solids, in particular sodium chloride and the like, to precipitate out of solution in the center 42 of the reactor 30 thereby avoiding scale formation on the walls of the reactor. A catalyst can be utilized to promote the breakdown of carbon bonds and promote the water/gas shift reaction.

Abstract: A fluid processing system and method of processing a fluid includes a tank having an outer wall, a heating element, and an insulating element. The heating element is situated within the tank and includes a first electrode and a second electrode. The insulating element is positioned between the first electrode and the second electrode. As such, powering the heating element directs an electric current through the fluid within the tank for heating the fluid, while the insulating element provides electrical and thermal insulation to the outer wall of the tank.

Abstract: Flow and product waste water from fracturing can be cleaned and reused utilizing a precipitation methodology incorporating, in part, a super critical reactor 30. Initially, the waste water is treated to remove solids, destroy bacteria, and precipitate out certain salts, such as barium, strontium, calcium, magnesium and iron. The waste water then can be passed through a radioactive material adsorption unit 20 to remove radium, as well as other radioactive materials, and then introduced into the super critical reactor 30. The super critical reactor is designed to bring the waste water to super critical conditions at a central portion of the reactor. This causes any dissolve solids, in particular sodium chloride and the like, to precipitate out of solution in the center 42 of the reactor 30 thereby avoiding scale formation on the walls of the reactor. A catalyst can be utilized to promote the breakdown of carbon bonds and promote the water/gas shift reaction.