Abstract: In a method, system, and computer-readable medium having instructions for semantic matching, a configuration for one or more ontologies is determined with an ontology that has one or more concepts and a representation for the one or more concepts, and the configuration has an assignment of concepts to positions and one or more relationships between concepts in accordance with the representation. The configuration is optimized in accordance with one or more constraints, and a constraint has a relationship defined in a representation for an ontology and a judgment on a similarity of a plurality of concepts from the one or more ontologies, and an estimate is calculated for a similarity between a first concept and a second concept using the configuration.

Abstract: In a method, system, and computer-readable medium having instructions for semantic matching, a configuration for one or more ontologies is determined with an ontology that has one or more concepts and a representation for the one or more concepts, and the configuration has an assignment of concepts to positions and one or more relationships between concepts in accordance with the representation. The configuration is optimized in accordance with one or more constraints, and a constraint has a relationship defined in a representation for an ontology and a judgment on a similarity of a plurality of concepts from the one or more ontologies, and an estimate is calculated for a similarity between a first concept and a second concept using the configuration.

Abstract: According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of maintaining personal records for customers held by service providers. Authenticated personal information is received at a first service provider via a first networked portal. In many situations, the received personal information may be associated with transactional data specific to the first service provider. However, in addition, an authorisation is received from a customer so as to allow the networking of a second service provider via a second networked portal. Authenticated personal information is supplied from the first portal to the second portal. Furthermore, an updating process is performed such that the authenticated personal information may be updated at either the first portal or the second portal (in response to receiving a customer-instigated modification) resulting in an updating of the data at the other of the first portal or the second portal.