Abstract: A method of operating a flow cell. The method comprises providing a flow cell suitable for generating electrical power from hydrogen and a metal electrolyte. Said flow cell comprises a precipitate of metal oxi and said metal oxide comprises vanadium or manganese. The method further comprises electrochemically generating a redox active precipitate removal species from a precursor species, wherein said redox active precipitate removal species is capable of converting said metal oxide. The method further comprises exposing said metal oxide to said redox active precipitate removal species to effect conversion of the metal oxide.

Abstract: A redox flow battery comprising a gaseous anolyte and, as a catholyte, an organic redox active species having at least one electron directing moiety, wherein the organic redox active species is not unsubstituted parabenzoquinone.

Abstract: There is provided a regenerative fuel cell capable of operating in a power delivery mode in and in an energy storage mode. The cell may comprise a reversible hydrogen gas anode, in an anode compartment, a reversible cathode in a cathode compartment, and a membrane separating the anode compartment from the cathode compartment, which membrane is capable of selectively passing protons. an additive may be provided in the cathode compartment.

Abstract: There is provided a regenerative fuel cell capable of operating in a power delivery mode in and in an energy storage mode. The cell may comprise a reversible hydrogen gas anode, in an anode compartment, a reversible cathode in a cathode compartment, and a membrane separating the anode compartment from the cathode compartment, which membrane is capable of selectively passing protons. an additive may be provided in the cathode compartment.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of treating waste comprising the steps of: providing an electrochemical cell comprising a cathode, and an anode; supplying a waste stream comprising an organic compound which is a liquid or dissolved in a solvent and contacting the anode and cathode with the waste stream; electrochemically oxidising the organic compound at the anode; supplying oxygen to the cathode; electrochemically reducing the oxygen at the cathode; wherein the cathode comprises a poison resistant oxygen reduction catalyst.

Abstract: A method for preparing a composition of metal nanocrystals from at least one organometallic precursor in a solvent medium in the presence of a PEG ligand, including a carbon chain, at least one end of which is functionalized by a coordination grouping including at least one hetero atom, and having at least one [OCH2CH2]n grouping, n being an integer higher than 1, so as to be soluble both in the solvent medium and in water. The water-compatible and organic-compatible composition of metal nanocrystals thus obtained is also described.

Abstract: A method for preparing a composition of metal oxide nanocrystals from at least one organometallic precursor in an aprotic solvent in the presence of at least one PEG ligand including a carbon chain having at least one end functionalized by a coordinating group containing at least one heteroatom, and at least one [—OCH2CH2]n, group, such that it is soluble in both the aprotic solvent medium and in water. The resulting water-compatible and organocompatible composition of metal oxide nanocrystals is also described.

Abstract: A method for preparing a composition of metal oxide nanocrystals from at least one organometallic precursor in an aprotic solvent in the presence of at least one PEG ligand including a carbon chain having at least one end functionalized by a coordinating group containing at least one heteroatom, and at least one [—OCH2CH2]n, group, such that it is soluble in both the aprotic solvent medium and in water. The resulting water-compatible and organocompatible composition of metal oxide nanocrystals is also described.

Abstract: A method for preparing a composition of metal nanocrystals from at least one organometallic precursor in a solvent medium in the presence of a PEG ligand, including a carbon chain, at least one end of which is functionalized by a coordination grouping including at least one hetero atom, and having at least one [OCH2CH2]n grouping, n being an integer higher than 1, so as to be soluble both in the solvent medium and in water. The water-compatible and organic-compatible composition of metal nanocrystals thus obtained is also described.