Abstract: Surface scattering antennas with lumped elements provide adjustable radiation fields by adjustably coupling scattering elements along a wave-propagating structure. In some approaches, the surface scattering antenna is a multi-layer printed circuit board assembly, and the lumped elements are surface-mount components placed on an upper surface of the printed circuit board assembly. In some approaches, the scattering elements are adjusted by adjusting bias voltages for the lumped elements. In some approaches, the lumped elements include diodes or transistors.

Abstract: Surface scattering antennas with lumped elements provide adjustable radiation fields by adjustably coupling scattering elements along a wave-propagating structure. In some approaches, the surface scattering antenna is a multi-layer printed circuit board assembly, and the lumped elements are surface-mount components placed on an upper surface of the printed circuit board assembly. In some approaches, the scattering elements are adjusted by adjusting bias voltages for the lumped elements. In some approaches, the lumped elements include diodes or transistors.

Abstract: A method and apparatus by which electromagnetic wave energy is passed through a beam-forming antenna thereby forming a capacitive surface reactance which eliminates E-plane edge currents on the antenna and balances hybrid electromagnetic energy modes resulting in symmetrical electromagnetic wave patterns.

Abstract: A compact multiple VSWR element filter in which one or more of the VSWR filter elements is a waveguide bend or a waveguide media transition. Methods are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method and apparatus by which electromagnetic wave energy is passed through a beam-forming antenna thereby forming a capacitive surface reactance which eliminates E-plane edge currents on the antenna and balances hybrid electromagnetic energy modes resulting in symmetrical electromagnetic wave patterns.

Abstract: An isolation shield improves the F/B ratio for a directional antenna radiating a electromagnetic wave with a wavelength of ?XMT with a TE20 mode waveguide. The system includes a directional antenna and a waveguide adapted for attachment to one side of the directional antenna. The waveguide defines a channel spanning and positioned adjacent to the side of the directional antenna. The channel has a width and depth that are functions of ?XMT. The waveguide excites a null in the E-field within the channel. The null being adjacent to the edge of the directional antenna and thereby improving the F/B ratio of the directional antenna.

Abstract: A method and apparatus by which electromagnetic wave energy is passed through a beam-forming antenna thereby forming a capacitive surface reactance which eliminates E-plane edge currents on the antenna and balances hybrid electromagnetic energy modes resulting in symmetrical electromagnetic wave patterns.

Abstract: An isolation shield improves the F/B ratio for a directional antenna radiating a electromagnetic wave with a wavelength of &lgr;XMT with a TE20 mode waveguide. The system includes a directional antenna and a waveguide adapted for attachment to one side of the directional antenna. The waveguide defines a channel spanning and positioned adjacent to the side of the directional antenna. The channel has a width and depth that are functions of &lgr;XMT. The waveguide excites a null in the E-field within the channel. The null being adjacent to the edge of the directional antenna and thereby improving the F/B ratio of the directional antenna.

Abstract: A method and beam-forming network for generating null-filled antenna patterns that approximate double-sided co-secant-squared antenna patterns is disclosed. The method comprises the steps of coupling an input signal to a plurality of output ports arranged in an array through at least one coupler element wherein an amplitude distribution at the output ports follows substantially a ramp function. In another aspect of the invention, electrical phase of the output signals are phase adjusted such that the output phase values are substantially the same.

Abstract: A system and method for a center fed reflector feed for a parabolic antenna where the feed is configured to include an output portion that is curved in two directions to thereby enhance the E and H plane patterns of the signal directed rearwardly towards a parabolic reflector.

Abstract: A compact multiple VSWR element filter in which one or more of the VSWR filter elements is a waveguide bend or a waveguide media transition. Methods are also disclosed.

Abstract: A system and method for a center fed reflector feed for a parabolic antenna where the feed is configured to include an output portion that is curved in two directions to thereby enhance the E and H plane patterns of the signal directed rearwardly towards a parabolic reflector.