Abstract: The invention is directed to mixed-metal nanocatalysts, particularly nano-dimensioned layered double-hydroxide nanostacks, methods of making nanocatalysts using laser ablation techniques, and the electrochemical devices comprising and using these nanocatalysts, for example in the electrochemical oxidation of water oxidation.

Abstract: An LED-based materials analysis apparatus that measures the photoelectrochemical response of materials to illumination. The apparatus uses an array of light sources such as a plurality of LEDs that provide light of desired wavelengths to illuminate one or more samples of materials of interest that are immersed in an electrolyte. A measurement circuit is connected between a transparent conductor attached to each sample of interest and a counter electrode. In some measurements, a third, standard electrode may be connected to the measurement circuit. A pulsing circuit that operates the LEDs causes each sample to be tested according to a predetermined sequence. Data is collected using a programmable computer operating under the control of instructions recorded on a machine readable medium. The data is analyzed and is available to be displayed to a user, recorded in a database, or communicated to another apparatus or process.

Abstract: An LED-based materials analysis apparatus that measures the photoelectrochemical response of materials to illumination. The apparatus uses an array of light sources such as a plurality of LEDs that provide light of desired wavelengths to illuminate one or more samples of materials of interest that are immersed in an electrolyte. A measurement circuit is connected between a transparent conductor attached to each sample of interest and a counter electrode. In some measurements, a third, standard electrode may be connected to the measurement circuit. A pulsing circuit that operates the LEDs causes each sample to be tested according to a predetermined sequence. Data is collected using a programmable computer operating under the control of instructions recorded on a machine readable medium. The data is analyzed and is available to be displayed to a user, recorded in a database, or communicated to another apparatus or process.

Abstract: The invention describes fluorescent biomolecule labeling reagents (I-SHark and phI-SHark) and their model compounds. Further described are methods of preparing and using the same.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for detecting and characterizing target biomolecules using sensitizer-linked substrate molecules are disclosed.