Abstract: An example non-transitory machine-readable medium includes instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to define a color encoding based on selected colors within a reference color space. The selected colors include white, black, and a set of chromatic colors spanning different print gamuts of a range of different printing devices. The instructions are further to encode a source datapoint of a source color space with the color encoding to obtain a reference datapoint of the reference color space by determining the reference datapoint as a mixture of white, black, and two colors selected from the set of chromatic colors, and output the reference datapoint.

Abstract: A transform wrapper is stored on a memory device and the memory device may be included in a printer cartridge. The transform wrapper may dynamically build a transform map for a printer based on metadata stored at the memory device. The metadata may indicate at least one of a type of depositing material, transform map, print media and printer.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus comprising a thermal printhead and a controller. The thermal printhead has heating elements. The controller is to receive an indicated print mode corresponding to a type of thermal medium to be used, determine a power profile based on the indicated print mode, and control power to be delivered to the thermal printhead based on the determined power profile.

Abstract: Example implementations relate to adjust sharpness parameters. In some examples, a printing device can include a processing resource and a memory resource storing non-transitory machine-readable instructions to cause the processing resource to receive print data comprising color channels corresponding to print pixels to be formed on a multi-layer thermally activated print medium, determine a characteristic of a corresponding layer of the multi-layer thermally activated print medium for color channels of the received print data, adjust sharpness parameters of the color channels based on the determined characteristic of the corresponding layer of the multi-layer thermally activated print medium, and cause a print head of the printing device to apply thermal energy to an area of the multi-layer thermally activated print medium including the print pixels using the adjusted sharpness parameters.

Abstract: In one example in accordance with the present disclosure, a printing device is described. The printing device includes a single thermal printhead that includes an array of heating elements. The array of heating elements are selectively powered to form content on both sides of thermal media passing thereby. Different sides of the thermal media have thermal dye layers with different activation sensitivities. The printing device also includes a media transport system to move the thermal media by the single thermal printhead. A controller of the printing device generates printed content on both sides of the thermal media in a single pass by powering the single thermal printhead based on both content to be formed on a first side and content to be formed on a second side.

Abstract: In some examples, with respect to three-dimensional printer color management, three-dimensional printer native space coordinates of a three-dimensional printer may be mapped to three-dimensional printer printing agent space coordinates of the three-dimensional printer. The three-dimensional printer printing agent space coordinates may be mapped to color space coordinates. The color space coordinates may be mapped to two-dimensional printer printing agent space coordinates of a two-dimensional printer. The two-dimensional printer printing agent space coordinates may be mapped to two-dimensional printer native space coordinates of the two-dimensional printer. A color management protocol of the two-dimensional printer may be utilized, based on the mapping of the three-dimensional printer native space coordinates to the two-dimensional printer native space coordinates, for the three-dimensional printer to print a three-dimensional object.

Abstract: Color values are measured for a set of color targets printed by a reference printing device on a medium of a reference media type. A different printing device prints a subset of the set of color targets on another medium of this reference media type. The color values of the subset of color targets printed by the different printing device are measured, and the different device calibrated based on the measured color values for both the set that the reference printing device printed and the subset that the different device printed. The different printing device can then also be calibrated for a different media type, based on a transformation of the set of color targets printed by the reference printing device on a medium of the different media type relative to the set of color targets printed by the reference device on the medium of the reference media type.

Abstract: A transform wrapper is stored on a memory device and the memory device may be included in a printer cartridge. The transform wrapper may dynamically build a transform map for a printer based on metadata stored at the memory device. The metadata may indicate at least one of a type of depositing material, transform map, print media and printer.

Abstract: An example system for thermal energy determination can include a first controller comprising a processor and a non-transitory machine-readable medium (MRM) communicatively coupled to the processor. The non-transitory MRM can include instructions executable by the processor to cause the processor to receive relative humidity information of an environment of a thermal printing device, determine a colormap to a print media of the thermal printing device based on the relative humidity, and determine a particular thermal energy to apply to the print media based on the determined colormap.

Abstract: In some examples, dithering based color conversion may include ascertaining an input color value. Based on conversion of the input color value to an output color space representation, a set of nodes that are to be analyzed to control operation of a printer may be determined. Based on a position of the input color value from each node of the set of nodes, a corresponding probability associated with each node of the set of nodes may be determined. Further, the operation of the printer may be controlled based on the determined probability associated with each node of the set of nodes.

Abstract: A transform wrapper is stored on a memory device and the memory device may be included in a printer cartridge. The transform wrapper may dynamically build a transform map for a printer based on metadata stored at the memory device. The metadata may indicate at least one of a type of depositing material, transform map, print media and printer.

Abstract: An example of apparatus to align media. The apparatus includes a printer assembly to form markings a first side of a media. The apparatus also includes a sensor to detect a backside pattern on each pass at multiple locations. The apparatus includes a processor in communication with the sensor. The processor is to compare the backside pattern measured on multiple passes to determine offset amounts. The apparatus also includes a controller to adjust the media relative to the printer assembly based on the offset values.

Abstract: In some examples, luminance-biased sharpening for thermal media printing may include converting an input image to a grayscale luminance representation. For each pixel of a plurality of specified pixels of the converted input image, a sharpening lightness value may be determined. Further, a ratio of the sharpening lightness value to a corresponding original lightness value may be determined. A resulting sharpened pixel may be determined by applying a corresponding value of the determined ratio to each of the specified pixels. A dark correction factor may be applied to the resulting sharpened pixels that are darkened and a light correction factor may be applied to the resulting sharpened pixels that are lightened. Based on application of the dark correction factor and the light correction factor, a sharpened output image corresponding to the input image may be generated.

Abstract: An example is given of a non-transitory computer-readable medium to store machine-readable instructions to be executed by a controller. The controller controls a heating element to print pixels of an image. The controller calculates an estimated thermal energy accumulation based on control of the heating element. The controller controls the heating element to print subsequent pixels based on the estimated thermal energy accumulation.

Abstract: In some examples, simultaneous color development for thermally activated print media may include ascertaining an input image that is to be printed using a thermal printhead. Colors that are to be printed may be determined for a plurality of specified pixels of the input image. A plurality of frequencies may be clustered to print each color of the determined colors. Based on the clustered plurality of frequencies, operation of a printhead that is to print the plurality of specified pixels may be controlled.

Abstract: In some examples, dithering based color conversion may include ascertaining an input color value. Based on conversion of the input color value to an output color space representation, a set of nodes that are to be analyzed to control operation of a printer may be determined. Based on a position of the input color value from each node of the set of nodes, a corresponding probability associated with each node of the set of nodes may be determined. Further, the operation of the printer may be controlled based on the determined probability associated with each node of the set of nodes.

Abstract: In some examples, luminance-biased sharpening for thermal media printing may include converting an input image to a grayscale luminance representation. For each pixel of a plurality of specified pixels of the converted input image, a sharpening lightness value may be determined. Further, a ratio of the sharpening lightness value to a corresponding original lightness value may be determined. A resulting sharpened pixel may be determined by applying a corresponding value of the determined ratio to each of the specified pixels. A dark correction factor may be applied to the resulting sharpened pixels that are darkened and a light correction factor may be applied to the resulting sharpened pixels that are lightened. Based on application of the dark correction factor and the light correction factor, a sharpened output image corresponding to the input image may be generated.

Abstract: In some examples, continuous frequency based print pipeline generation may include ascertaining an input image that is to be printed. For a specified pixel of the input image, a first frequency and a second frequency that respectively correspond to first and second colors may be determined. Based on the first frequency and the second frequency, an intermediate frequency that is to be generated to produce an intermediate color relative to the first and second colors may be determined. The intermediate frequency may be converted to discrete pulses. Operation of a printhead that is to print the specified pixel may be controlled based on the discrete pulses.

Abstract: Example implementations relate to adjust sharpness parameters. In some examples, a printing device can include a processing resource and a memory resource storing non-transitory machine-readable instructions to cause the processing resource to receive print data comprising color channels corresponding to print pixels to be formed on a multi-layer thermally activated print medium, determine a characteristic of a corresponding layer of the multi-layer thermally activated print medium for color channels of the received print data, adjust sharpness parameters of the color channels based on the determined characteristic of the corresponding layer of the multi-layer thermally activated print medium, and cause a print head of the printing device to apply thermal energy to an area of the multi-layer thermally activated print medium including the print pixels using the adjusted sharpness parameters.

Abstract: In an example, a method includes receiving a data model of an object to be generated in additive manufacturing, the data model comprising geometric object data describing the object and property data. A property affecting object generation parameter may be determined for the object and a modified data model of the object may be derived by applying a transformation to the property data associated with the property affecting object generation parameter, wherein the transformation is to compensate for a property value shift associated with the property affecting object generation parameter.