Abstract: A coupled landing gear apparatus for an aircraft including at least a nose gear disposed forward of a neutral point of an aircraft by a first distance and at least a main gear disposed aft of the neutral point of the aircraft by a second distance. The at least a nose gear and the at least a main gear are in communication with one another.

Abstract: A combustion engine comprises a main combustion cylinder configured to enable a piston to move therein; a main valve configured to move in the main combustion cylinder; an upper non-combustion chamber operatively adjacent to the main combustion cylinder; an upper intake valve configured to move in the upper non-combustion chamber and to communicate with an intake manifold; and an upper exhaust valve configured to move in the upper non-combustion chamber and to communicate with an exhaust manifold.

Abstract: A variable valve timing assembly for a combustion engine comprises: a phaser configured to receive therein a camshaft; wherein the phaser includes a phaser exterior body that is cylindrical-shaped, a phaser interior body that is cylindrical-shaped and within the phaser exterior body, a phaser exterior spline on an exterior of the phaser exterior body, and a phaser interior spline on an exterior of the phaser interior body; a phaser inner housing disposed within the phaser and configured to receive therein the camshaft; wherein the phaser inner housing includes an inner housing interior spline that mates with the phaser interior spline; an advancing chamber configured to receive fluid from and discharge fluid to the camshaft; a retarding chamber configured to receive fluid from and discharge fluid to the camshaft; and a main housing that encloses therein the phaser and the phaser inner housing, and is configured to engage a timing chain/belt.

Abstract: A variable valve timing assembly includes an electric motor; a first set of gears driven by the electric motor; a first set of grooves and ball bearings driven by the first set of gears; a second set of grooves and ball bearings driven by the first of grooves and ball bearings; wherein the first set of grooves and ball bearings converts rotational movement of the first set of gears to axial rotational movement of the first set of ball bearings; wherein the axial movement of the first set of ball bearings causes rotational movement of the second set of grooves; whereby the rotational movement of the second set of grooves enables rotation of a camshaft engaged to a valve.

Abstract: A variable valve timing assembly includes an electric motor; a first set of gears driven by the electric motor; a first set of grooves and ball bearings driven by the first set of gears; a second set of grooves and ball bearings driven by the first of grooves and ball bearings; wherein the first set of grooves and ball bearings converts rotational movement of the first set of gears to axial rotational movement of the first set of ball bearings; wherein the axial movement of the first set of ball bearings causes rotational movement of the second set of grooves; whereby the rotational movement of the second set of grooves enables rotation of a camshaft engaged to a valve.