Abstract: Systems and methods for determining caprock integrity for geological sequestration of CO2, such as in above saline aquifers. The testing system for performing the method includes a core container in fluid communication with an upstream reservoir and an upstream pump, further in fluid communication with a downstream liquid reservoir and a downstream liquid pump, and further in fluid communication with a downstream gas reservoir and a downstream gas pump. The method includes determining transient hydraulic conductivity and hydraulic gradient of a caprock core sample using the testing system based on non-Darcy flow.

Abstract: A method includes performing, on a core sample obtained from a reservoir and positioned in a permeability measurement assembly that includes a flow inlet, a permeability operation by flowing a test fluid from the flow inlet and into the core sample and changing an effective stress acting on the core sample. The method also includes determining a natural logarithm of permeability of the core sample as a function of the effective stress, and determining, as a function of the natural logarithm of permeability of the core sample, an initial pore pressure of the reservoir.

Abstract: Techniques for determining properties of a rock sample include performing a plurality of series of permeability measurements of a rock sample with a permeability test assembly to derive permeability values, where each series includes permeability measurements of the rock sample at a respective, constant differential pressure between a particular confining pressure and a particular pore pressure; for each series of the plurality of series, performing a curve fit operation to determine a slope and an intercept of a curve associated with a selected Biot coefficient, the permeability values, and the particular pore pressures to generate a plurality of slope values and a plurality of intercept values; determining an effective stress coefficient of the rock sample; and determining an actual Biot coefficient of the rock sample.

Abstract: A method of analyzing a caprock of an aquifer includes determining, using a laboratory measurement device, a threshold hydraulic gradient of the caprock at which brine flows vertically in the caprock. The method further includes determining a breakthrough pressure of the caprock, wherein the breakthrough pressure reflects a difference between a CO2 pressure in the aquifer and a brine pressure in the caprock. The method further includes calculating, via a computing system that includes one or more hardware processors, an effective breakthrough pressure of the caprock based on the threshold hydraulic gradient and the breakthrough pressure, wherein the effective breakthrough pressure accounts for non-Darcy flow of the brine within the caprock.

Abstract: Described herein are fire-resistant one-component polyurethane spray foam compositions. Also described herein are methods of making and using fire-resistant one-component polyurethane spray foam compositions. Also described herein are dispensers for dispensing the fire-resistant one-component polyurethane spray foam compositions. Compositions and methods in accordance with the present disclosure are useful in a wide variety of applications, and particularly useful in meeting building codes for construction applications.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for determining caprock integrity. The testing apparatus for performing the method including a core container in fluid communication with an upstream reservoir and an upstream pump, and further in fluid communication with a downstream reservoir and a downstream pump. The method including determining threshold hydraulic gradient of a caprock core sample using the testing apparatus.

Abstract: A method may include obtaining reservoir data, hydraulic fracturing data, and static wellbore data for a geological region of interest. The method may further include obtaining temporal production data for the geological region of interest. The temporal production data may include a predetermined production rate with respect to a predetermined period of time. The method may further include determining various temporal features based on the temporal production data and an extraction process. The extraction process may include a deconvolution function that separates a portion of the temporal features from the predetermined production rate. The method may further include determining, using a machine-learning model, predicted hydrocarbon-in-place (HIP) data for the geological region of interest using the reservoir data, the hydraulic fracturing data, the static wellbore data, and the temporal features. The method may further include transmitting a command to a well control system based on the predicted HIP data.

Abstract: Methods and systems are disclosed. The methods may include obtaining, from a subterranean region of interest, a rock sample having a rock type and defining a sequence of pore pressure, confining stress (PPCS) pairs such that a sequence of effective stresses monotonically changes. The methods may further include determining a sequence of permeabilities by subjecting the rock sample to the sequence of PPCS pairs and determining a relationship between the sequence of PPCS pairs and the sequence of permeabilities. The methods may further still include determining a parameter using the relationship and a permeability model, where the permeability model includes the parameter and determining an in situ permeability for an in situ rock in the subterranean region of interest using, at least in part, the parameter and the permeability model, where the in situ rock is of the rock type.

Abstract: A method for determining a matrix permeability of a subsurface formation, including the steps: acquiring a core from the subsurface formation, imposing a fluid to the core until the core is saturated with the fluid, conducting a pressure-pulse decay (PD) method on an upstream and a downstream side of the core by applying a pressure-pulse on the upstream and the downstream side of the core, and determining the matrix permeability from decays of the pressure-pulses on the upstream side and downstream side, respectively.

Abstract: Articles and methods for temporary bonding of substrates are described. The articles include a photo-release layer to enable reversal of the temporary bonding upon exposure of the photo-release layer to light to separate the substrates. The method includes plasma treatment of the photo-release layer to increase the bonding energy. Higher bonding energy allows for processing of the article with greater mechanical force before separation. Plasma treatment also allows for temporary bonding with a thinner photo-release layer and a photo-release layer with low total thickness variation (TTV). Once separated from the article, a processed substrate can be bonded to other substrates.

Abstract: Embodiments of a glass wafer for semiconductor fabrication processes are described herein. In some embodiments, a glass wafer includes: a glass substrate comprising: a top surface, a bottom surface opposing the top surface, and an edge surface between the top surface and the bottom surface; a first coating disposed atop the glass substrate, wherein the first coating is a doped crystalline silicon coating having a sheet-resistance of 100 to 1,000,000 ohm per square; and a second coating having one or more layers disposed atop the glass substrate, wherein the second coating comprises a silicon containing coating, wherein the glass wafer has an average transmittance (T) of less than 50% over an entire wavelength range of 400 nm to 1000 nm.

Abstract: Described herein are one-component spray foam compositions having a low post post-expansion rate. Also described herein are methods of making and using one-component spray foam compositions having a low post-expansion rate. Also described herein are dispensers for dispensing the one-component spray foam compositions having a low post-expansion rate. Compositions and methods in accordance with the present disclosure are useful in a wide variety of applications, and are particularly useful in construction applications.

Abstract: A system and methods for predicting well performance are disclosed. The method includes obtaining first geoscience data and first performance data, obtaining second geoscience data and second performance data, and obtaining new geoscience data for a new well. The method further includes training a first neural network and determining predicted second performance data using the first neural network. The method still further includes determining a residual between the second performance data and the predicted second performance data and training a second neural network. The method still further includes determining predicted new performance data for the new well by inputting a subset of the new geoscience data into the first neural network, determining a new residual for the new well by inputting the new geoscience data into the second neural network, and updating the predicted new performance data using the new residual.

Abstract: A method for determining a matrix permeability of a subsurface formation, including the steps: acquiring a core from the subsurface formation, imposing a fluid to the core until the core is saturated with the fluid, conducting a pressure-pulse decay (PD) method on an upstream and a downstream side of the core by applying a pressure-pulse on the upstream and the downstream side of the core, and determining the matrix permeability from decays of the pressure-pulses on the upstream side and downstream side, respectively.

Abstract: A method for determining a rock property includes positioning a core sample in a core sample assembly that is enclosed in a pressurized container with a flow inlet, a flow outlet, and a pressurized fluid inlet fluidly coupled to a pressurized fluid reservoir that includes a pressurized fluid pump; sequentially performing at least three test operations on the core sample; at each of the at least three test operations, measuring an inlet pressure at the flow inlet, measuring an outlet pressure at the flow outlet, and measuring a confining pressure within the pressurized container; and determining a permeability of the core sample based at least in part on at least one of the measured inlet pressures, at least one of the measured outlet pressures, and at least one of the measured confining pressures.

Abstract: A method for determining a rock property includes positioning a core sample in a core sample assembly that is enclosed in a pressurized container with a flow inlet, a flow outlet, and a pressurized fluid inlet fluidly coupled to a pressurized fluid reservoir that includes a pressurized fluid pump; sequentially performing at least three test operations on the core sample; at each of the at least three test operations, measuring an inlet pressure at the flow inlet, measuring an outlet pressure at the flow outlet, and measuring a confining pressure within the pressurized container; and determining a permeability of the core sample based at least in part on at least one of the measured inlet pressures, at least one of the measured outlet pressures, and at least one of the measured confining pressures.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and apparatus for determining permeability of subsurface formations are provided. In one aspect, a method includes: positioning a sample of the subsurface formation in a measurement cell, fluidly connecting an inlet and an outlet of the sample to an upstream reservoir and a downstream reservoir, respectively, flowing a fluid through the sample from the upstream reservoir to the downstream reservoir, measuring changes of an upstream pressure associated with the upstream reservoir and a downstream pressure associated with the downstream reservoir in a measurement time period, and determining a matrix permeability of the subsurface formation based on measurement data before the upstream pressure and the downstream pressure merge at a merging time point.

Abstract: Methods of producing a glass article include melting a first glass composition and feeding a second glass composition into the melter. Both glass compositions include the same combination of components but at least one component has a concentration that is different in each. At least three glass articles may be drawn from the melter, including: a first glass article formed from the first glass composition; at least one intermediate glass article composed of neither the first nor the second glass composition; and a final glass article not composed of the first glass composition. The concentration of the at least one component in the intermediate glass article may be between the concentration in the first and second glass compositions. The first glass article and final glass article may have differing values for certain properties, and the intermediate glass article may have an intermediate set of values for the same properties.

Abstract: Methods of producing a glass article include melting a first glass composition and feeding a second glass composition into the melter. Both glass compositions include the same combination of components but at least one component has a concentration that is different in each. At least three glass articles may be drawn from the melter, including: a first glass article formed from the first glass composition; at least one intermediate glass article composed of neither the first nor the second glass composition; and a final glass article not composed of the first glass composition. The concentration of the at least one component in the intermediate glass article may be between the concentration in the first and second glass compositions. The first glass article and final glass article may have differing values for certain properties, and the intermediate glass article may have an intermediate set of values for the same properties.

Abstract: Methods and systems for determining fracture and matrix permeability of a subsurface formation. The system includes two upstream reservoirs and two downstream reservoirs, and a sample cell connecting to the reservoirs with valves. The sample cell has a confining pressure (CF) from a fluid. A horizontal plug sample with sleeve is placed in a measurement cell with the confining fluid (CF). A pressure gauge is connected to the small upstream reservoir, and a pressure gauge is connected to the small downstream reservoir. The results provide two sets of effective-stress-dependent permeability values (including fracture permeability and matrix permeability, respectively) for characterizing the reservoir properties.