Abstract: Drip irrigation emitters having low activation pressures, desirable flow rates, and are configured to clog less than existing emitters are provided. The disclosed emitters include membrane cavities that are devoid of a channel and a land to help advance fluid through the cavity, to an outlet, and to an outside environment. Instead, the membrane cavities have various shapes and configurations that, in conjunction with a depressed membrane, help to drive fluid out of the membrane cavity and to an outside environment. The shapes of the membrane cavities include a sinusoidal configuration, a cylindrical shape configuration, and a flat bottom configuration. Various features of such emitters, and methods of using the same, are also provided.

Abstract: Systems and methods for modeling ways to best design pressure-controlled drip irrigation emitters are provided. The systems and methods are designed to help reduce activation pressure while maintaining a substantially constant, desirable flow rate in an irrigation system. Various parameters that impact the activation pressure and the flow rate can be adjusted to assist in finding optimal designs. The parameters can at least include one or more of resistances in a flow path, resistances in a membrane cavity, a membrane, or placement of a membrane with respect to a membrane cavity. Optimal designs for such emitters based on the discloses systems and methods are provided, including at least one exemplary embodiment in which a length of a flow path is substantially reduced as compared to known emitters.

Abstract: Drip irrigation emitters having low activation pressures, desirable flow rates, and are configured to clog less than existing emitters are provided. The disclosed emitters include membrane cavities that are devoid of a channel and a land to help advance fluid through the cavity, to an outlet, and to an outside environment. Instead, the membrane cavities have various shapes and configurations that, in conjunction with a depressed membrane, help to drive fluid out of the membrane cavity and to an outside environment. The shapes of the membrane cavities include a sinusoidal configuration, a cylindrical shape configuration, and a flat bottom configuration. Various features of such emitters, and methods of using the same, are also provided.

Abstract: The description relates to devices, such as computing devices. One example can include a sandwich structured composite housing. The example can also include a set of electronic components positioned over the sandwich structured composite housing. The set of electronic components can have a profile against the sandwich structured composite housing. The sandwich structured composite housing can have a corresponding negative profile.

Abstract: The description relates to devices, such as computing devices. One example can include a sandwich structured composite housing. The example can also include a set of electronic components positioned over the sandwich structured composite housing. The set of electronic components can have a profile against the sandwich structured composite housing. The sandwich structured composite housing can have a corresponding negative profile.

Abstract: The description relates to devices, such as computing devices. One example can include a sandwich structured composite housing. The example can also include a set of electronic components positioned over the sandwich structured composite housing. The set of electronic components can have a profile against the sandwich structured composite housing. The sandwich structured composite housing can have a corresponding negative profile.

Abstract: The description relates to devices, such as computing devices. One example can include a sandwich structured composite housing. The example can also include a set of electronic components positioned over the sandwich structured composite housing. The set of electronic components can have a profile against the sandwich structured composite housing. The sandwich structured composite housing can have a corresponding negative profile.