Abstract: This invention provides novel animal models for a human pathogen that is capable of exhibiting analogous secondary disease manifestation. Other animal models for a human pathogen are provided by this invention which are capable of exhibiting analogous secondary disease manifestations and are also capable of responding to therapeutic or preventive measures to such secondary disease manifestations. Other animal models for human retrovirus infections are provided including lower primates and primate excluding any members of the order Anthropoidea. Compositions, drugs, products and procedures for therapeutic and diagnostic applications derived from the animal models of this invention are also described and provided.

Abstract: Novel immune modulating processes are provided in which the immunological state of a subject including mature subjects, mammals and humans, are down regulated in a selective manner, and as a subset in a dominant manner. The novel immunological state termed SIDR for selective immune down regulation is usefully applied to the immunological modulation or regulation of gene delivery components, artificially expressed genes, gene delivery systems and expression products of artificially introduced genes by such delivery systems, and infectious agents. SIDR is also useful when combined with other immune modulating treatments such as general immune suppression and anti-apoptosis. SIDR may also be used to selectively down regulate the immune response system of a subject to a wide variety of noncellular immunogenic components and to native antigens. Other processes for producing immune suppression by administering macromolecules or compounds to a subject so as to obtain or effect SIDR are also provided.

Abstract: Novel immune modulating processes are provided in which the imunological state of a subject including mature subjects, mammals and humans, are down regulated in a selective manner, and as a subset in a dominant manner. The novel immunological state termed SIDR for selective immune down regulation is usefully applied to the immunological modulation or regulation of gene delivery components, artificially expressed genes, gene delivery systems and expression products of artificially introduced genes by such delivery systems, and infectious agents. SIDR is also useful when combined with other immune modulating treatments such as general immune suppression and anti-apoptosis. SIDR may also be used to selectively down regulate the immune response system of a subject to a wide variety of noncellular immunogenic components and to native antigens. Other processes for producing immune suppression by administering macromolecules or compounds to a subject so as to obtain or effect SIDR are also provided.

Abstract: Novel immune modulating processes are provided in which the imunological state of a subject including mature subjects, mammals and humans, are down regulated in a selective manner, and as a subset in a dominant manner. The novel immunological state termed SIDR for selective immune down regulation is usefully applied to the immunological modulation or regulation of gene delivery components, artificially expressed genes, gene delivery systems and expression products of artificially introduced genes by such delivery systems, and infectious agents. SIDR is also useful when combined with other immune modulating treatments such as general immune suppression and anti-apoptosis. SIDR may also be used to selectively down regulate the immune response system of a subject to a wide variety of noncellular immunogenic components and to native antigens. Other processes for producing immune suppression by administering macromolecules or compounds to a subject so as to obtain or effect SIDR are also provided.

Abstract: This invention provides novel animal models for a human pathogen that is capable of exhibiting analogous secondary disease manifestation. Other animal models for a human pathogen are provided by this invention which are capable of exhibiting analogous secondary disease manifestations and are also capable of responding to therapeutic or preventive measures to such secondary disease manifestations. Other animal models for human retrovirus infections are provided including lower primates and primate excluding any members of the order Anthropoidea. Compositions, drugs, products and procedures for therapeutic and diagnostic applications derived from the animal models of this invention are also described and provided.

Abstract: The present invention concerns compositions and methods for the introduction of specific genetic changes in endogenous genes of the cells of an animal. The genetic changes are effected by oligonucleotides or oligonucleotide derivatives and analogs, which are generally less than about 100 nucleotides in length. The invention provides for macromolecular carriers, optionally incorporating ligands for clathrin coated pit receptors. In one embodiment the ligand is a lactose or galactose and the genetic changes are made in hepatocytes. By means of the invention up to 40% of the copies of a target gene have been changed in vitro. Repair of mutant genes having a Crigler-Najjar like phenotype and Hemophilia B phenotype were observed.

Abstract: This invention provides useful solid chimeric organs as well as animal models having such solid chimeric organs and processes for their preparation. Such organs find significant value and use in developing new models for disease, drug and therapeutic investigations and monitoring, and in studying storage functions and processes. The solid chimeric organs are comprised of recipient cells and donor cells, the latter themselves comprising allogeneic or xenogeneic cells which are unmodified or modified to contain one or more nucleic acid segments capable of exhibiting at least one biological property, e.g. DNA synthesis, replication, promoter function, transcription, translation, reverse transcription, and the like, non-native to the donor cell. The solid chimeric organs can be prepared from recipient organs using recipient cells and implanted allogeneic or xenogeneic donor cells from non-homologous organs or tissues.