Abstract: A digital ad-buying platform uses counterfactual-based incrementality measurement by implementing randomization and/or a correction for auction win bias to avoid the need to identify counterfactual winner types in the control group. This approach can estimate impact at the individual consumer level. Confidence levels can be determined using Gibbs sampling in the context of causal analysis in the presence of non-compliance.

Abstract: A digital ad-buying platform uses counterfactual-based incrementality measurement by implementing randomization and/or a correction for auction win bias to avoid the need to identify counterfactual winner types in the control group. This approach can estimate impact at the individual consumer level. Confidence levels can be determined using Gibbs sampling in the context of causal analysis in the presence of non-compliance.

Abstract: A digital ad-buying platform uses counterfactual-based incrementality measurement by implementing randomization and/or a correction for auction win bias to avoid the need to identify counterfactual winner types in the control group. This approach can estimate impact at the individual consumer level. Confidence levels can be determined using Gibbs sampling in the context of causal analysis in the presence of non-compliance.

Abstract: A digital ad-buying platform uses counterfactual-based incrementality measurement by implementing randomization and/or a correction for auction win bias to avoid the need to identify counterfactual winner types in the control group. This approach can estimate impact at the individual consumer level. Confidence levels can be determined using Gibbs sampling in the context of causal analysis in the presence of non-compliance.

Abstract: A digital ad-buying platform uses counterfactual-based incrementality measurement by implementing randomization and/or a correction for auction win bias to avoid the need to identify counterfactual winner types in the control group. This approach can estimate impact at the individual consumer level. Confidence levels can be determined using Gibbs sampling in the context of causal analysis in the presence of non-compliance.

Abstract: A digital ad-buying platform uses counterfactual-based incrementality measurement by implementing randomization and/or a correction for auction win bias to avoid the need to identify counterfactual winner types in the control group. This approach can estimate impact at the individual consumer level. Confidence levels can be determined using Gibbs sampling in the context of causal analysis in the presence of non-compliance.

Abstract: A digital ad-buying platform uses counterfactual-based incrementality measurement by implementing randomization and/or a correction for auction win bias to avoid the need to identify counterfactual winner types in the control group. This approach can estimate impact at the individual consumer level. Confidence levels can be determined using Gibbs sampling in the context of causal analysis in the presence of non-compliance.

Abstract: A digital ad-buying platform uses counterfactual-based incrementality measurement by implementing randomization and/or a correction for auction win bias to avoid the need to identify counterfactual winner types in the control group. This approach can estimate impact at the individual consumer level. Confidence levels can be determined using Gibbs sampling in the context of causal analysis in the presence of non-compliance.

Abstract: A telephone call is connected through a caller transfer point in a PSTN to a call recorder in a private hosted telephony network for making an audio recording of the telephone call. The telephone call is also connected from the caller transfer point through an IVR transfer point in the PTSN to a remote IVR server for dialog processing of the telephone call. At some point during the dialog process the connection between the call recorder and the IVR transfer point is placed on hold while maintaining a live connection between the call recorder and the caller transfer point. A human agent is then connected through the IVR transfer point to the telephone call for further handling of the telephone call, and the connection to between the IVR transfer point and the call recorder is restored to allow communication between the caller and the human agent.

Abstract: A telephone call is connected through a caller transfer point in a PSTN to a call recorder in a private hosted telephony network for making an audio recording of the telephone call. The telephone call is also connected from the caller transfer point through an IVR transfer point in the PTSN to a remote IVR server for dialog processing of the telephone call. At some point during the dialog process the connection between the call recorder and the IVR transfer point is placed on hold while maintaining a live connection between the call recorder and the caller transfer point. A human agent is then connected through the IVR transfer point to the telephone call for further handling of the telephone call, and the connection to between the IVR transfer point and the call recorder is restored to allow communication between the caller and the human agent.