Abstract: In the technique for fiberizing glass by the use of a centrifugal spinner delivering glass streams into an attenuating blast, a novel spinner construction is provided, and provision is also made for increasing the production, while also providing for the use of glass of lower cost, and at the same time, reducing environmental pollution. Glass compositions and spinner alloy compositions particularly suited for use in accordance with the invention, are also disclosed.

Abstract: In the technique for fiberizing glass by the use of a centrifugal spinner delivering glass streams into an attenuating blast, a novel spinner construction is provided, and provision is also made for increasing the production, while also providing for the use of glass of lower cost, and at the same time, reducing environmental pollution. Glass compositions and spinner alloy compositions particularly suited for use in accordance with the invention, are also disclosed.

Abstract: In the technique for fiberizing glass by the use of a centrifugal spinner delivering glass streams into an attenuating blast, a novel spinner construction is provided, and provision is also made for increasing the production, while also providing for the use of glass of lower cost, and at the same time, reducing environmental pollution. Glass compositions and spinner alloy compositions particularly suited for use in accordance with the invention, are also disclosed.

Abstract: In the technique for fiberizing glass by the use of a centrifugal spinner delivering glass streams into an attenuating blast, a novel spinner construction is provided, and provision is also made for increasing the production, while also providing for the use of glass of lower cost, and at the same time, reducing environmental pollution. Glass compositions and spinner alloy compositions particularly suited for use in accordance with the invention, are also disclosed.

Abstract: Equipment is disclosed for gas blast attenuation of attenuable materials by the toration type of technique according to which a gaseous jet is directed transversely into a gaseous blast of larger cross section, thereby developing a zone of interaction of the jet and the blast into which a stream of the attenuable material is delivered. Each fiberizing center incorporates a plurality of components including means for generating the jet, means for generating the blast, and means for supplying the stream of attenuable material. In addition, the fiberizing center frequently also incorporates an additional structural element or means positioned along the path of the jet and influencing the jet flow.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for the production of fibrous materials from attenuable substances, particularly molten glass, are disclosed, along with the fiber products which result. In the disclosed system the material to be fiberized flows into a region established as a result of the interaction of a jet transversely oriented with respect to a larger blast, the material being acted upon in the interaction zone to produce a highly attenuated fiber. Method and apparatus are disclosed utilizing a glass admission orifice and jet blast generating devices which are spaced from each other. Moreover, method and equipment are disclosed for forming fibers from attenuable material by the use of high velocity whirling gas currents or tornadoes. Attenuation is preferably effected in two sequential stages, each of which utilizes a pair of high velocity whirling currents or tornadoes, with the gases in the two tornadoes of each pair turning in opposite directions.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for separating heat hardenable constituents from an aqueous solution of thermohardenable fiber binder material by insolubilizing the constituents through the application of both heat and pressure are disclosed.

Abstract: Gas blast attenuation is disclosed including the use of a pair of gaseous jets having axes lying in a common plane and directed to impinge upon each other preferably at an acute angle, the attenuable material being introduced into the influence of air induced by one of the jets in the region of impingement of the jets, and the combined jet flow of the two jets carrying the attenuable material into a zone of interaction between the combined jet flow and a larger gaseous blast.

Abstract: Method and equipment are disclosed for forming fibers from attenuable material, such as molten glass, by the use of a jet penetrating transversely into a blast and by the of a structural element positioned adjacent to the path of the jet for establishing a stable low pressure zone in the jet flow into which the material to be attenuated is introduced. The jet has a temperature lower than that of the blast and preferably close to ambient temperature to thereby avoid erosion of the structural element positioned adjacent to the jet path.

Abstract: Equipment is disclosed for developing high velocity gas blasts or jets arranged to effect fiber formation from attenuable material, such as molten glass. Preferably the apparatus is arranged to effect the attenuation in two stages, each of which utilizes a pair of high velocity whirling currents or tornadoes, with the gas in the two tornadoes of each pair turning in opposite directions and merging in the downstream direction, means for supplying the attenuable material being arranged to deliver a stream of the material into the influence of the tornadoes upstream of the point of confluence.

Abstract: Method and equipment are disclosed for forming fibers from attenuable material such as molten glass, by the use of high velocity whirling gas currents or tornadoes. Attenuation is preferably effected in two stages, the first of which utilizes a pair of high velocity whirling currents or tornadoes formed by delivering a gaseous jet through a jet guiding device of trough-like form which is concavely curved, thereby developing a pair of counter-rotating tornadoes, with a zone of laminar flow therebetween, a stream of the attenuable material being delivered to the jet in the zone of laminar flow. A larger gaseous blast is also utilized being directed in a path intercepting the path of the jet to provide a zone of interaction also characterized by a pair of counter-rotating tornadoes, the stream of attenuable material being carried by the jet into the blast thereby subjecting the material to a second stage of attenuation in said zone of interaction.

Abstract: The attenuation technique disclosed utilizes high velocity whirling currents or tornadoes formed in a toration zone i.e., a zone of interaction of a principle blast or current of gases and a gaseous carrier jet directed transversely into the blast. The arrangement disclosed employs a novel system for developing a carrier jet having a carrier jet delivery orifice of greater dimension in one plane than in a plane at right angles to said one plane. Preferably a multiplicity of such jet delivery orifices are developed in spaced relation adjacent to an edge of the curved surface of a jet guiding or deflecting element. Streams of attenuable material are introduced into gaseous currents induced by the jets adjacent to the curved surface between the jets, and the streams are carried by the jets into the toration zone.

Abstract: Equipment for effecting fiberization of attenuable materials by toration including components establishing a plurality of side-by-side fiberizing zones in a gaseous blast. The disclosed arrangement includes means for delivering gaseous jets into the fiberizing zones including jet manifolds for groups of jets.

Abstract: Method and apparatus are disclosed for converting a stream of attenuable material into a fiber by a two-stage attenuation technique, the two stages being effected sequentially by employment of a gaseous jet and a gaseous blast, thereby producing a single long fiber from each stream of attenuable material.

Abstract: Gas blast attenuation of thermoplastic attenuable material is disclosed including the use of a principle current or blast with one or more jets of smaller cross section directed transversely into the blast and creating zones of interaction having whirling currents, especially of the kind developed in toration techniques, the whirling currents including fuel and comburent components in proportions providing a combustible mixture, and a stream of thermoplastic attenuable material at a temperature at least as high as the ignition temperature of said mixture being delivered into each zone of interaction.

Abstract: Methods and equipment are disclosed for production of mineral fibers, by attenuation, involving the use of a substantial volume of gas, in which water is also employed at least in a fiber binder, the methods and equipment providing for recirculation of most of the gases, and preferably also of the water employed in the system. Both the gases and the water are purified and the pollutants are separated and are also treated to convert the pollutant constituents to a form not ecologically objectionable for disposal. The methods and equipment also minimize discharge of fluids and aural efflux from the plant. Methods and apparatus are also disclosed for controlling said stabilizing various operating conditions of the fiberization; such as the temperature and the pressure in the fiber forming section or chamber.

Abstract: Methods and equipment are disclosed for production of mineral fibers, by attenuation, involving the use of a substantial volume of gas, in which water is also employed at least in a fiber binder, the methods and equipment providing for recirculation of most of the gases, and preferably also of the water employed in the system. Both the gases and the water are purified and the pollutants are separated and are also treated to convert the pollutant constituents to a form not ecologically objectionable for disposal. The methods and equipment also minimize discharge of fluids and aural efflux from the plant. Methods and apparatus are also disclosed for controlling and stabilizing various operating conditions of the fiberization; such as the temperature and the pressure in the fiber forming section or chamber.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for the production of fibrous materials from attenuable substances, particularly molten glass, are disclosed, along with the fiber products which result. In the disclosed system the material to be fiberized flows into a region established as a result of the interaction of a jet transversely oriented with respect to a larger blast, the material being acted upon in the interaction zone to produce a highly attenuated fiber. Method and apparatus are disclosed utilizing a glass admission orifice and jet blast generating devices which are spaced from each other. Moreover, method and equipment are disclosed for forming fibers from attenuable material by the use of high velocity whirling gas currents or tornadoes. Attenuation is preferably effected in two sequential stages, each of which utilizes a pair of high velocity whirling currents or tornadoes, with the gases in the two tornadoes of each pair turning in opposite directions.

Abstract: System for suppression of pollution in fiber attenuating operations, especially in mineral fiber insulation blanket production. The system disclosed provides gas blast attenuation of the attenuable material in a fiber forming chamber and for recirculation of attenuating gases and for discharge of a portion of the gases by means of a controllable blower. The operation of the blower is regulated by a pressure sensor responsive to the pressure in the forming section.

Abstract: Method and apparatus are disclosed for converting a stream of attenuable material into a fiber by employment of a gaseous jet penetrating a gaseous blast, thereby producing a zone of interaction in which the stream is attenuated to form a single long fiber. The gaseous jet may have lower velocity than the blast but may have lower temperature than the blast, thereby providing a jet of higher kinetic energy than the blast so that the jet will penetrate the blast. It is also contemplated that the glass stream may be initially delivered to the jet to be carried thereby into the zone of interaction with the blast, thereby providing for preliminary attenuation in the jet before the stream reaches the blast.