Abstract: A reactor for hydrothermal oxidation treatment of an organic material in a reaction medium, comprising: a confinement member housed in a chamber and defining a confinement zone and a peripheral zone; at least one inlet for an oxidising fluid into the peripheral zone; a first cooling system, with an external circulation cold loop having a fluid inlet and outlet, opening into a first portion of the peripheral zone; a heating system, with an external circulation hot loop having a fluid inlet and outlet opening into a second portion of the peripheral zone; a channel with a mouth, a channel stirring system; a second cooling system for creating a temperature gradient along the channel between a cold temperature and the reaction temperature; each circulation loop being equipped with a circulator and with a heat exchanger.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods and kits for identifying interactions between a test compound and a phage-displayed polypeptide, wherein the phage-displayed polypeptide is not a kinase but a protein domain of interest, such as an SH2 domain of interest. The protein domain of interest is displayed on the phage, and the interactions are evaluated in the presence of a reference ligand and in the presence and absence of the test compound.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to nucleotide and nucleoside molecules with an optionally substituted 3?vinyl blocking group. Also provided herein are methods to prepare such nucleotide and nucleoside molecules. Additionally, the present disclosure provides methods of using such blocked nucleosides and nucleotides in oligonucleotide synthesis and sequencing.

Abstract: There is provided a method of synthesizing a single-stranded nucleotide sequence, the method comprising adding a blocked nucleoside triphosphate to an initiator nucleotide sequence to incorporate a corresponding blocked nucleotide thereto in the presence of a polymerase, wherein the blocked nucleoside triphosphate has one of the general formulae (I), (II), (III), (IV), (V) and (VI).

Abstract: A nanofibrous mat comprising: electrospun nanofibres forming said mat; and ceramic particles dispersed throughout said nanofibres and comprising a ceramic matrix and a dopant releasably encapsulated within said ceramic matrix, wherein the ceramic particles are dispersed throughout the nanofibres during electrospinning of the nanofibres, whereby said dopant is protected by said ceramic matrix during said electrospinning.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for the diagnosis of disorders caused by foetal alcohol syndrome, said method comprising the assaying of PLGF (placental growth factor).

Abstract: The invention relates to a placental growth factor (PlGF) to be used as a drug in the prevention and/or treatment of fetal alcohol syndrome disorders (FASD) selected from the group comprising fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS), cerebrovascular disease, and growth retardation in a subject exposed to alcohol in utero. The invention also relates to a pharmaceutical composition or a product comprising the PlGF for the same therapeutic uses.

Abstract: A nanofibrous mat comprising: electrospun nanofibres forming said mat; and ceramic particles dispersed throughout said nanofibres and comprising a ceramic matrix and a dopant releasably encapsulated within said ceramic matrix, wherein the ceramic particles are dispersed throughout the nanofibres during electrospinning of the nanofibres, whereby said dopant is protected by said ceramic matrix during said electrospinning.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for the diagnosis of disorders caused by foetal alcohol syndrome, said method comprising the assaying of PLGF (placental growth factor).

Abstract: A process is provided for releasably encapsulating a biological entity. The process comprises combining a solution of a surfactant in a non-polar solvent with a precursor material and the biological entity to form an emulsion. The emulsion comprises a polar phase dispersed in a non-polar phase, wherein the polar phase comprises the biological entity. The particles comprising the biological entity are then formed from the polar phase.

Abstract: The invention concerns an analysis method for a surgical operation via endoscopy performed at an operative site in a volume located inside the body of an animal, characterized in that it comprises the steps consisting of: detecting at least one instrument (1; 2; 3) present at the operative site, detecting at least one portion of an organ (4) in the vicinity of the detected instrument (1; 2; 3), determining the positioning of the detected instrument (1; 2; 3) relative to the detected organ (4), so that the detected instrument (1; 2; 3), the detected portion of organ (4) and their relative positioning form parameters defining a detected surgical step, selecting, in a database, a conceptual surgical step corresponding to the detected surgical step from to the detected instrument (1; 2; 3), the detected portion of organ (4) and their relative positioning, comparing the parameters of the detected surgical step with the parameters defining the selected conceptual surgical step to determine the differences betwee

Abstract: Coated particles include a core particle and a hybrid inorganic/organic layer coating the core particle. The hybrid inorganic/organic layer comprises a network of an inorganic component and at least one organofunctional silane component having organic functionalities which have not been polymerised. A method of coating particles comprising combining the particles with a surfactant and a hydrophilic liquid to form an emulsion with a hydrophobic phase containing the particles dispersed in a continuous hydrophilic phase, adding an organofunctional silane and an inorganic component precursor to the emulsion and heating the emulsion, adding a catalyst to the emulsion, and forming a hybrid organic/inorganic layer from the organofunctional silane and the inorganic component precursor on the particles to produce coated particles.

Abstract: A metallic pigment is provided including a metallic substrate coated with a hybrid inorganic/organic layer, wherein the hybrid inorganic/organic layer includes a network of an inorganic component and at least one organofunctional silane component having organic functionalities which have not been polymerised. Also, a method of coating a metallic substrate is provided including: combining the metallic substrate with a surfactant and an organofunctional silane and an inorganic component precursor to form a hydrophobic phase; combining the hydrophobic phase with a hydrophilic liquid to form an emulsion including said hydrophobic phase containing the metallic substrate, the organofunctional silane and the inorganic component precursor dispersed in a continuous hydrophilic phase; adding a catalyst to the emulsion; and forming a hybrid organic/inorganic layer from the organofunctional silane and said inorganic component precursor on the metallic substrate to produce a coated metallic substrate.

Abstract: A process for preparing particles having a hydrophobic material therein is disclosed. The process comprises providing a multiple emulsion comprising a first emulsion dispersed in a hydrophobic medium, said first emulsion comprising a hydrophobic phase dispersed in a hydrophilic phase, wherein the hydrophobic phase comprises the hydrophobic material and the hydrophilic phase comprises a precursor which is capable of reacting to form a non-fluid matrix and reacting the precursor in the multiple emulsion to form the matrix in the form of the particles having the hydrophobic material therein wherein the precursor is added prior to formation of the multiple emulsion. Also disclosed are particles having a hydrophobic material therein, which may be releasable, as well as particles having a hydrophobic material therein, which may be releasable, made by the process and methods of using the particles.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for forming a layered nanoparticle, comprising providing a suspension comprising a core particle in a first liquid, adding a second liquid to the suspension, and adding a reagent, or a precursor for the reagent, to the suspension. The second liquid is immiscible with the first liquid. If the reagent is added to the suspension, the reagent reacts to form a layer on the core particle to form the layered nanoparticle. If a precursor for the reagent is added to the suspension, the precursor is converted to the reagent, and the reagent reacts to form a layer on the core particle to form the layered nanoparticle.

Abstract: A method is described for delivering a species to a liquid, whereby porous particles are exposed to a condition such that the species is rapidly released into the liquid. Each of the porous particles comprises an agglomeration of primary particles so that outer surfaces of said primary particles define pores of said porous particles. The primary particles comprise silica and the species is disposed in the pores of the porous particles.

Abstract: A process for making particles comprising a hydrophobic dopant for subsequent release therefrom is disclosed. The process comprises providing an emulsion comprising a hydrophilic phase and a hydrophobic phase dispersed in the hydrophilic phase, and reacting the precursor material to form the particles comprising the dopant therein. The hydrophobic phase comprises a precursor material and the dopant.

Abstract: A process is provided for releasably encapsulating a biological entity. The process comprises combining a solution of a surfactant in a non-polar solvent with a precursor material and the biological entity to form an emulsion. The emulsion comprises a polar phase dispersed in a non-polar phase, wherein the polar phase comprises the biological entity. The particles comprising the biological entity are then formed from the polar phase.

Abstract: A process for making particles comprising a hydrophobic dopant for subsequent release therefrom is disclosed. The process comprises providing an emulsion comprising a hydrophilic phase and a hydrophobic phase dispersed in the hydrophilic phase, and reacting the precursor material to form the particles comprising the dopant therein. The hydrophobic phase comprises a precursor material and the dopant.