Abstract: The present invention relates to a probabilistic programming compiler that (a) generates data-parallel inference code to sample from probability distributions in models provided to the compiler; and (b) utilizes a modular framework to allow addition and removal of inference algorithm information based on which the compiler generates the inference code. For a given model, the described compiler can generate inference code that implements any one or more of the inference algorithms that are available to the compiler. The modular compiler framework utilizes an intermediate representation (IR) that symbolically represents features of probability distributions. The compiler then uses the IR as a basis for emitting inference code to sample from the one or more probability distributions represented in the IR.