Abstract: The invention concerns a process for manufacturing a composition of fatty acid esters useful as gas oil substitute motor fuel, said composition containing at least one hydrated ethyl alcohol.The process comprises:(A) A first acid transesterification step in the presence of at least one aliphatic, linear or branched monoalcohol of 1 to 5 carbon atoms, consisting at least partly of hydrated ethyl alcohol containing 1 to 60% by weight of water, said step leading to the formation of a phase mainly containing ethyl esters after removal of the produced glycerol phase,(B) A second step wherein the initial free acidity or that formed during the first step in the phase containing the esters is decreased to a value at most equal to about 2%; and(C) A third step of basic transesterification of the phase resulting from step B, in the presence of at least one aliphatic, linear or branched monoalcohol of 1 to 5 carbon atoms, with the recovery of the so-formed ester composition.

Abstract: A blended fuel comprising(a) a gasoline, a gas oil or a fuel oil;(b) a mixture of butanol and acetone, optionally also containing isopropanol and/or ethanol; and(c) methanol; the mixture (b) being producible by fermentation of a hydrolysate obtained by hydrolyzing a cellulosic substrate by means of cellulolytic enzymes prepared by fermentation of a suitable organism such as bacteria of the Clostridium genus or fungi of the Sporotrichum, Polyporus, Penicillium, Fusarium, Myrothecium or Trichoderma genera.

Abstract: Process for hydrogenating a highly unsaturated hydrocarbon cut, boiling above 200.degree. C under atmospheric pressure, comprising passing said cut successively over two catalysts, each of which contains an alumina carrier, (a) at least one molybdenum and/or tungsten compound and (b) at least one nickel and/or cobalt compound, the ratio b/a expressed in gram-atoms of metals, being from 1.5:1 to 10:1 for the first catalyst and from 0.1:1 to 1:1 for the second catalyst and the alumina carrier of the first catalyst having a heat of neutralization by ammonia absorption lower than 10 calories per gram under an ammonia pressure of 300 mmHg.