Abstract: An adjusting device for precise rotary angle adjustment of final control elements in closed- or open-loop control devices. The adjusting device comprises a rotary magnet apparatus in which parallel air gaps are formed between the poles of the armature and the magnet poles of the armature counterpart. In order to attain constant torques over the angle of rotation of the armature, when the electric current applied to the coil is constant, the end faces of the armature poles are embodied as wedge-shaped.

Abstract: An etched metal membrane has its rim laser-welded or electron-beam-welded to a ring made of the same kind of metal within which a central electrode is held by a metal-to-glass seal. The welding is done in vacuum to avoid the necessity of later evacuation. The pressure sensor capacitance thus formed is connected through an impedance converter to an oscillator circuit which provides an output frequency that varies with the sensed pressure. The inner surface of the central electrode is flush with the surface of the rim to which the membrane is welded to reduce variations in capacitance of the sensor, and any residual variations are compensated by a resistance balance in the evaluation circuit. The insensitivity of the system to temperature and its service life make it suitable for sensing the intake air pressure of an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: To provide positive on-off switching when a pneumatic pressure threshold is passed, a movable switching element is magnetically attracted by a moving magnet, movable under force of a pressure diaphragm subjected to the pneumatic pressure. The movable switch element itself is biassed away from the magnet by a spring which is weaker than the restoring spring counteracting the pneumatic pressure. The non-linear displacement-force characteristics of the magnet cause snap action of the movable switch element, thus providing positive switching at accurately predeterminable pressure positions.