Abstract: The invention relates to a method for marine seismic prospecting, of the type in which a seismic wave is emitted at a determined point close to the surface of the water and the waves reflected by the interfaces between geological formations of the subsoil are recorded as a function of time using receivers arranged at a plurality of locations close to the surface of the water. A mathematical model of multiple signals and peg legs is produced from known wave equations. Data calculated using the mathematical model M(t,x) are adapted with polynomial transfer functions and are subtracted from the data recorded by each of the sensors in order to obtain final data. Using the final data, a graphic representation is prepared of the geological formations of the subsoil in which the seismic wave is propagated.The invention proposes mathematical processing of the data enabling the elimination of multiple signals and peg legs.

Abstract: In a process for obtaining seismic data relating to an exploratory well, a seismic wave transmitter and a seismic wave receiver are provided, one arranged on the surface adjacent the well and the other at a plurality of measurement points down the well, and the output of the receiver is processed in a processing installation. The measurement points are divided into at least two groups, each of which comprises a plurality of measurement points spaced apart in a distance (D.sub.z) which is less than a predetermined limit distance so as to avoid aliasing, and the groups of measurement points are separated from each other by a distance (D) greater than the limit distance. In the processing installation separation of the down-going waves from the up-going waves belonging to the same group is carried out before coherence filtration of the separated waves.