Abstract: A vehicle has a windshield and a hood extending away from the lower edge of the windshield. A modular windshield washing and wiping apparatus, disposed adjacent to the lower edge of the windshield, comprises at least two modules, arranged to be assembled together and to the remainder of the vehicle. One of the modules contains a screen washing liquid so as to act as a reservoir for the latter, while another module carries the screen wiping equipment. The apparatus includes at least one further liquid reservoir, comprised in one of the modules.

Abstract: A vehicle has a windshield and a hood extending away from the lower edge of the windshield. A modular windshield washing and wiping apparatus, disposed adjacent to the lower edge of the windshield, comprises at least two modules, arranged to be assembled together and to the remainder of the vehicle. One of the modules contains a screen washing liquid so as to act as a reservoir for the latter, while another module carries the screen wiping equipment. One of the modules carries at least one rear view mirror of the vehicle.

Abstract: An automobile wiper has a washing liquid spray device carried by the wiper. The spray device includes a tubular supply pipe ?(16)! and at least one member ?(46)! for spraying liquid in the direction of a pane of glass to be wiped. At least one clamp ?(18)! for attaching the pipe ?(16)! to the wiper, has a hollow needle ?(42)! which pierces the pipe ?(16)! and which supplies the washing liquid spraying member ?(46)!.

Abstract: A vehicle has a windshield and a hood extending away from the lower edge of the windshield. A modular windshield washing and wiping apparatus, disposed adjacent to the lower edge of the windshield, comprises at least two modules, arranged to be assembled together and to the remainder of the vehicle. One of the modules contains a screen washing liquid so as to act as a reservoir for the latter, while another module carries the screen wiping equipment. One of the modules includes at least one further component which is a component of a ventilating and/or air conditioning apparatus of the vehicle.

Abstract: A motor vehicle windscreen wiper with a wiper blade comprising a main yoke fitted with a spray line which extends along one side surface thereof and is attached thereto at least by means of hinge pins for hingedly connecting secondary yokes to the ends of the main yoke.

Abstract: A fastening device for fastening a first element to a second element, for example for mounting a component of a motor vehicle screen wiping apparatus on a panel of the bodywork of the vehicle, is of the general kind comprising a bolt and nut assembly, with the shank of the bolt passing through a hole in the panel. A shock absorbing bush, e.g. of rubber, is interposed between the bolt and nut assembly and the hole. When the device is tightened, this bush is compressed axially between an annular and radial thrust surface carried by the bolt and the annular gripping face of the nut. A gripping spacer element is disposed axially between the radial thrust surface and the annular gripping face of the nut.

Abstract: A motor vehicle windscreen wiper comprising blade holder arm, a wiper blade and a spray line for spraying the window or windscreen to be wiped. Said spray line extends substantially along one side surface of the wiper blade and the wiper blade comprises a hinged pressure distribution construction comprising at least one intermediate yoke hinged to a main yoke about a hinge pin, and a noise-reducing member with two parallel side walls inserted between the side arms of the main yoke and the side flanges of the intermediate yoke. Said spray line extends along one of the side arms of the main yoke and is integrally moulded into the material of the noise-reducing member.

Abstract: A windshield wiper assembly comprises a drive mechanism for at least one windshield wiper arm, together with a reservoir for a windshield washing liquid. The drive mechanism comprises a support structure, on which are mounted a motor and a linkage for transmission of motion between a spindle driven by the motor and at least one windshield wiper arm. The support structure is arranged to be secured on to the body of a vehicle, in particular an automotive vehicle. Pumping means are provided to project washing liquid from the reservoir on to the glass being wiped. The reservoir is so designed as to be accommodated substantially within the space envelope defined by the drive mechanism, and it is rigidly secured to the support structure of this mechanism so as to form an assembly therewith.

Abstract: A windshield wiper blade includes a wiping strip carried by gripping elements which are themselves part of an articulated support structure for the wiping strip, which is arranged to sweep a glass surface. At least one gripping element is carried by a sliding lever which is biassed outwardly by a spring so that an end portion of the wiping strip is urged towards the swept surface.

Abstract: A device for measuring a subject's ocular parameters, in particular the interpupillary distance, comprises a front plate against which the face of the subject is placed, comprising two windows substantially corresponding to the lenses of a pair of eyeglasses. A lens is movable along its optical axis, which is perpendicular to the front plate, from an origin position near the front plate. A viewing eyepiece is disposed at the focus of the lens when in the origin position. A semi-reflecting mirror disposed at 45.degree. renders the eyepiece and a point source coincident, as far as the subject is concerned. Parallel to the semi-reflecting mirror, another mirror reflects an image of a cathode ray tube screen to the eyepiece through another lens. Adjustable calibrated voltage sources are used to produce coincidence of the reflections of the source on the corneas of the eyes of the subject and the luminous traces on the screen of the cathode ray tube, as seen by an operator looking through the eyepiece.

Abstract: The peripheral edge of an ophthalmic lens is maintained in contact with a bevelling or grooving wheel while being rotated about an axis of the lens parallel to the axis of the bevelling wheel whereby a bevel or groove is formed in said peripheral edge. The ophthalmic lens is capable of relative axial displacement relative to said bevelling wheel. By way of a force or displacement sensor, the relative axial position of the ophthalmic lens with respect to the bevelling wheel can be made subject to the axial component of reaction forces generated between the lens and the bevelling wheel in their mutual contact zone.