Abstract: An energy conversion system, including a first and second electrodes with an inter-electrode gap therebetween that includes a functional medium, wherein the first electrode is made of at least one elongate electrically conductive media having a total length L, a curved cross-section, and a radius R, and arranged into a sturdy assembly structure having a more or less open pattern, capable of having the same electric potential at any location and thus of constituting said first electrode. Where R is lower than 40×10-6 m the inter-electrode gap has a thickness of between 1×10-9 m and 5×10-3 m, the total length L of the electrically conductive media of the first electrode is greater than 1×103 m, and the ratio L/R is greater than 106 such that the first electrode generates a significant increase in the electric field perceived by the second electrode.