Abstract: A system comprises a first communication device and a second communication device. The first communication device is arranged to communicate with the second communication device via a communication network using a first communication protocol. The first communication device is arranged to send a message to the second communication device via the communication network using the first communication protocol. The message is designed for a second communication protocol. The second communication device is arranged to send the message to a third communication device. The third communication device is being arranged to understand the second communication protocol.

Abstract: A method of controlling the use of an application. The application is capable of being executed on a portable object (SC. The method is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:—a requesting step (REQ), in which a licence request is sent to a licensing remote server LRS;—a sending step (SEN), in which the licensing remote server (LRS) sends a token TK to the portable object (SC);—a validating step (VAL2), in which the token (TK) is checked so as to determine whether the token is valid or not; and—if the token (TK) is not valid, in an application-aborting step (ABO2), the execution of the application is aborted.

Abstract: A system comprises a first communication device and a second communication device. The first communication device is arranged to communicate with the second communication device via a communication network using a first communication protocol. The first communication device is arranged to send a message to the second communication device via the communication network using the first communication protocol. The message is designed for a second communication protocol. The second communication device is arranged to send the message to a third communication device. The third communication device is being arranged to understand the second communication protocol.