Abstract: Water-soluble (meth)acrylic acid/methallylsulfonate copolymers, containing less than 20% by weight of the methallylsulfonate comonomer, are well suited as scale inhibitors for aqueous environments, especially those comprising essentially equal amounts by weight of both acrylic and methacrylic acids.

Abstract: Water-soluble (meth)acrylic acid/methallysulfonate copolymers, containing less than 20% by weight of the methallylsulfonate comonomer, are well suited as scale inhibitors for aqueous environments, especially those comprising essentially equal amounts by weight of both acrylic and methacrylic acids.

Abstract: Water soluble polymeric flocculants are prepared by photopolymerizing olefinically unsaturated hydrophilic monomer(s), the photopolymerization recipe including a polyhydroxylated organic additive, such as gluconic acid. Such polyhydroxy compound facilitates solubilization of the resultant flocculants, without substantial decrease in the molecular weight thereof, and ensures against the by-production of water insoluble fractions.

Abstract: The thin rubbery layer resulting from the photopolymerization of a thin layer of an aqueous solution of acrylic monomer(s) is face surface coated with a coating of an alkali metal sulfite and/or metabisulfite, and is then shredded, dried and ground to provide acrylic polymer/copolymer from which virtually all residual monomer has been depleted and which is well suited for use as a polymeric flocculant.

Abstract: Water soluble polymeric flocculants are prepared by photopolymerizing olefinically unsaturated hydrophilic monomer(s), the medium of photopolymerization being enveloped in a moist, humid gaseous atmosphere. The humidity of the enveloping environment facilitates solubilization of the resultant flocculants, without substantial decrease in the molecular weights thereof, and ensures against the by-production of water insoluble fractions.

Abstract: Process for preparing acrylic monomers comprising reacting, in aqueos medium, amino alkyl esters of (meth) acrylic acid with a quaternizing agent wherein the aqueous solution obtained is washed with a water-insoluble solvent and the solvent thereafter removed. The quaternized monomers prepared are directly polymerizable to high molecular weight homopolymers or copolymers useful as cationic flocculants.This is a continuation of application Ser. No. 603,173 filed Aug. 8, 1975, now abandoned.

Abstract: Water-soluble acrylic polymers are prepared by a sequential photopolymerization process. A monomer solution is deposited on a support which is subsequently irradiated to effect polymerization. Photopolymerization promoters are incorporated in the monomer solution to facilitate polymerization.

Abstract: Water-soluble polyurethanes are obtained by reacting sulfonated anionic polyesters containing about 0.8 to 2% sulfur with at least one diisocyanate to form film-forming polyurethanes which are directly soluble in water. The polyurethanes of the invention are advantageously applied in aqueous solution form as sizing for textiles and for bonding leathers.

Abstract: Surface-active composition based on non-ionic surfactants derived from ethoxylated saturated primary fatty alcohols.The composition is characterized in that it contains a solid mixture at ambient temperature of:(a) at least one non-ionic surface-active compound A of general formula : R--(OCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2).sub.n OH in which R is a C.sub.6 to C.sub.9 alkyl group and n is greater than 6 and may be as high as 15,(b) at least one non-ionic surface-active compound B of general formula : R'--(OCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2).sub.m OH in which R' is a C.sub.16 to C.sub.20 alkyl group and m is 6 to 15, in which more than half the groups R and R' taken separately are linear.It can be used in detergent formulations, especially pulverulent or liquid syndet compositions for domestic and/or industrial washing and degreasing purposes.

Abstract: Process of preparing anionic polyurethane latexes without the addition of a foreign emulsifying surface active agent comprising rendering the basic polyester or polyether constituent of the latex intrinsically emulsifiable or dispersible in water by incorporating an anionic functional group in the chain thereof and reacting this basic constituent with a diisocyanate in order to obtain a prepolymer which is then emulsified in water.The latexes obtained are advantageously applied in coating and impregnation processes, finishing of leather, and as binders for nonwoven fabrics.

Abstract: A hydrophilic polyurethane composition comprising a reaction product of:1. 10 to 45 weight percent of an organic diisocyanate and,2. 35 to 89 weight percent of a compound containing one or two active hydrogen atoms selected from:A. 75 to 100 weight percent of a compound of the general formula:R--(O--C.sub.x H.sub.x).sub.n -OHwhereinR is hydrogen or a hydrocarbon radical containing from 1 to 20 carbon atoms;X is a number from 2 to 4;n is a number to indicate that the molecular weight is between 300 and 10,000; and,B. 0 to 25 weight percent of a diol and,3. 1 to 25 weight percent of a nitrogen-containing compound of the general formula: ##STR1## wherein R' is an alkyl radical containing from 1 to 5 carbon atoms;X.sub.1 and X.sub.2 are hydroxyalkyl or amino alkyl radicals with the proviso that the overall ratio of NCO/active H is from about 0.7 to about 1.

Abstract: Water soluble sulfonated polyesters made by polycondensation of an aromatic diacid or its anhydride or diester and an unsaturated aliphatic diacid or its anhydride or diester with a saturated glycol and sulfonating.

Abstract: Water soluble sulfonated polyesters, made by polycondensation of an aromatic diacid or its anhydride or diester, an unsaturated aliphatic diacid or its anhydride or diester and a saturated glycol and sulfonating, are applied to textile fibers in sufficient amounts to act as sizing agents.