Abstract: The handpiece for treating the skin with irradiation using a light beam (F1), comprises a first window (1) and a second window (2) and first means for cooling the first window (1). Said first window (1) and said second window (2) are positioned opposite one another and are separated by a gas-filled space. They are capable of transmitting a light beam (F1) and said first window (1) is intended to be applied in contact with the skin during the treatment. The handpiece comprises means for heating the gas between the two windows (1, 2).

Abstract: To automatically control a treatment during which subcutaneous or intracutaneous irradiation by means of electromagnetic treatment radiation and possibly targeted electromagnetic radiation is carried out, the following steps are implemented: acquisition of several successive images l(t) of the treated zone by means of an external sensor (1), which is sensitive to the wavelength or the range of wavelengths of the electromagnetic treatment radiation or of the targeted electromagnetic radiation, the time interval (?) between two successive images [l(t?1); l(t)] being known, detection and localisation in each image l(t) of a light spot p(t) corresponding to the irradiation spot (S) of the electromagnetic treatment radiation or the targeted electromagnetic radiation, calculation for each light spot p(t) of at least one of the following parameters: the energy [eij(t) or Eij(t)] supplied from the power P(t) of the electromagnetic treatment radiation and the time interval (?) between two successive images [l(t?1); l(

Abstract: The handpiece for treating the skin with irradiation using a light beam (F1), comprises a first window (1) and a second window (2) and first means for cooling the first window (1). Said first window (1) and said second window (2) are positioned opposite one another and are separated by a gas-filled space. They are capable of transmitting a light beam (F1) and said first window (1) is intended to be applied in contact with the skin during the treatment. The handpiece comprises means for heating the gas between the two windows (1, 2).

Abstract: The light production device includes at least one first light source associated with a principal waveguide. The principal waveguide includes an envelope for the propagation of the light, that has an index of refraction higher than the index of refraction of the internal part of the principal guide in contact with the envelope; the device includes optical injection means that are difference from the principal waveguide, the length of which is less than the length of the principal waveguide, and which allow at least a part of the light produced to be injected into said envelope of the principal waveguide, and diffusion means suitable for diffusing toward the exterior of the envelope, on at least a portion of the envelope of predefined length, at least a part of the light circulating in the envelope of the principal guide.

Abstract: The assembly includes a cannula, which comprises an opening at a so-called distal extremity and electromagnetic radiation wave guiding means, which include an optical fibre introduced inside the cannula and which enable the electromagnetic radiation to be guided to the opening of the distal extremity of the cannula, in such a way that this electromagnetic radiation is emitted frontally by said distal opening of the cannula. The external diameter of the protective sheath of the optical fibre is essentially equal to the internal diameter of the cannula in at least one distal portion of said cannula; the core of the optical fibre is stripped on a distal part of the fibre, and the stripped distal part of the optical fibre is accommodated entirely inside the cannula.

Abstract: In order to connect two plastic tubes end to end, the extremities of which are closed by compression and welding or gluing of the tube wall, the two closed extremities of the tubes are axially aligned and placed in abutment, the two closed and abutting extremities of the tubes are heated from a distance and without contact and the two extremities of the tubes are axially brought together, so as to splay and weld together the extremities of the tubes end to end, while constantly maintaining said extremities in abutment.

Abstract: The airtight container (1) for storing a product (liquid, powder, granulates) comprises a rigid vial (2) with at least one filling hole (2c), an external filling pipe (5) for filling the vial (2) through the filling hole (2c), said filling pipe (5) airtightly sealing the filling hole (2c) of the vial (2), and a housing cap (12) designed to be assembled to the vial (2) and forming an housing (12a) for the filling pipe (5) once assembled to the vial (2). The container is particularly suitable for storing prior to use a product, such as for example a medicament (vaccines or the like), under sterile conditions.

Abstract: A frequency-stabilized laser source that is adapted for use as a frequency standard. The frequency of the laser source is locked and the laser beam delivered by the laser source on a transition of an absorber chemical element. The technique combines both operation with saturated absorption and synchronous detection, based on modulating said transition being saturated by the beam passing through the absorber chemical element. This produces a single frequency laser beam whose output frequency is stationary. The frequency is not continuously modulated and is more precise than that which would be obtained operating with single-pass absorption only. The laser source is thus adapted for making a frequency standard.

Abstract: The laser source comprises an optically-pumped solid state laser (10) enabling a first laser beam (2) of frequency f1 to be emitted, an absorption cell (7) containing an absorber chemical element and which, in operation, has the first laser beam (2) or a beam (4b) derived therefrom passing through it so that a transition (T) of the absorber chemical element is saturated, and locking means (9) designed to lock the frequency f1 of the first laser beam on said saturated transition (T) of the absorber chemical element by means of synchronous detection based on modulating said transition (T).

Abstract: Method and apparatus for continuously determining direction parameters of a borehole from the position of a well logging tool in the borehole during tool movement in the borehole, comprise a well logging tool including an accelerometer and a direction indicator, such as a magnetometer, with three sensitive axes respectively. Output signals derived from the accelerometer are prefiltered and then combined with respective output signals derived from the direction indicator in a manner so as to reduce to negligible proportions the effects of tool motion on respective ones of the output signals. The resulting signal is then subjected to a selective low-pass filtering, and the components thereof are thereafter, respectively combined with corresponding, suitable components of the original output signals in a manner such as to derive direction parameters for the borehole.