Abstract: A high-strength hybrid component including a relatively soft first part made of a composite material including an organic matrix reinforced with fibers, a relatively hard second part made of metal, metal alloy, or ceramic, and a transition layer made of a composite material including a matrix of a material that is weldable to the hard part and fibers that are extensions of the fibers of the soft part. The transition layer matrix and the hard part may be formed by deposition of molten material on to the fiber preform of the soft part using flame, electric arc, or plasma. The resin matrix of the soft part is impregnated into the preform and polymerized afterwards. Alternatively, the hard part may be machined to shape and welded to the transition layer before completing the soft part.

Abstract: In this process for reducing the quantity of water contained in pulps of nickel-bearing ores, the pulp is diluted with water, a dilute aqueous solution of a flocculant based on an acrylic acid copolymer is injected, the mixture is left to decant, then the underflow and overflow are separated.

Abstract: A method for C-alkylating a hydroxylated aromatic compound having at least one hydrogen atom in the ortho or para position relative to the hydroxyl grouping, wherein the aromatic compound is exposed to a proton acid and a compound causing the formation of a carbo-cation in the presence of the acid, and the reaction is performed in the presence of a solvent consisting of a water-alcohol pair.

Abstract: A compound of formula (I) or a salt thereof, or a solvate thereof, ##STR1## wherein: R.sub.1 represents an alkyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group; R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 each independently represent hydrogen, alkyl, aryl or substituted aryl; R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 each independently represent hydrogen, hydroxy, amino, alkoxy, optionally substituted aryloxy, optionally substituted benzyloxy, alkylamino, dialkylamino, halo, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, nitro, alkyl, carboxy, carbalkoxy, carbamoyl, alkylcarbamoyl, or R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 together represent methylenedioxy, carbonyldioxy or carbonyldiamino; X represents a hydroxy or an alkoxy group wherein the alkyl group may be substituted or unsubstituted or X represents a group NR.sub.S R.sub.t wherein R.sub.S and R.sub.

Abstract: Weaving device for producing a woven structure which is intended for the production of a composite component, including especially a component (5) for generating different speeds of movement for at least some of the warp yarns (FC). Component (5) includes a substantially plane profiled cam (5) capable of rotating about a longitudinal axis (X--X) and arranged so that the longitudinal axis (X--X) is approximately orthogonal to the direction (D) defined by the warp yarns (FC). The profile of the cam is defined by a variable transverse length (h) perpendicular to the longitudinal axis (X--X).

Abstract: A compound of formula (I), or a salt thereof, or a solvate thereof, wherein Ar represents substituted or unsubstituted aryl, wherein the optional substituents are selected from alkyl, hydroxy or alkoxy or, if attached to adjacent carbon atoms any two substituents together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached may form a fused heterocyclic ring of five to six atoms wherein one, two or three of the said atoms are oxygen or nitrogen; A represents a C.sub.1-4 n-alkylene group wherein each carbon is optionally substituted by 1 or 2 C.sub.1-6 -alkyl groups; R.sub.1 represents hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl or cycloalkyl; one or two of the group of R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 represents nitro the remaining members of the group of R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 represent hydrogen; X represents a --CO--NH-- moiety; and Z represents C.sub.2-4 n-alkylene group wherein each carbon is optionally substituted 1 or 2 C.sub.

Abstract: The invention provides a high-strength hybrid component comprising a relatively soft first part -made of a composite material consisting of an organic matrix reinforced with fibres, a relatively hard second part made of metal, metal alloy or ceramic, and a transition layer made of a composite material consisting of a matrix of a material which is weldable to the hard part and fibres which are extensions of the fibres of the soft part. The transition layer matrix and the hard part may be formed by deposition of molten material on to the fibre preform of the soft part, using flame, electric arc or plasma, and the resin matrix of the soft part is impregnated into the preform and polymerized afterwards.Alternatively, the hard part may be machined to shape and welded to the transition layer before completing the soft part.

Abstract: A turbomachine blade, particularly a fan blade for an aircraft jet engine, is made of a composite material comprising reinforcing fibres embedded in a thermosetting resin matrix, wherein the reinforcing fibres form a multilayer woven fabric in which the warp fibres of each layer are interwoven not only with the weft fibres of the layer but also with the weft fibres of at least the layers immediately above and below it so that the layers are all interconnected. Also, each layer only partly covers the layer below it so that the ends of the warp and weft fibres of a layer extend to near the surface of the blade, and the thickness of the blade at any point is determined by the number of layers present at that point.

Abstract: Aromatic ethers/phenols are acylated, characteristically into hydroxy- and/or alkoxyaromatic alkylketones, and in particular, are acylated in the para-position relative to an alkoxy substituent borne by the aromatic nucleus, by reacting/condensing same with an acylation agent, for example acetyl chloride or acetic anhydride, in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of a bismuth halide, or a precursor compound that generates, in situ, a bismuth halide.

Abstract: A process of preparing optically active alpha-chlorocarboxylic esters having the formula: ##STR1## from an optically active alpha-hydroxy carboxylic ester having the formula: ##STR2## in which process, an alpha-hydroxy carboxylate of formula II is brought into contact with phosgene and a compound chosen from amides, lactams and ureas, wherein R.sub.1 is an optionally substituted hydrocarbyl residue and R is preferably a methyl group.

Abstract: Process for preparing chloranil by the oxidative chlorination of a quinone or of a hydroquinone with a hydrochloric acid/hydrogen peroxide mixture, the introduction of hydrogen peroxide being carried out at a temperature above 60.degree. C.

Abstract: The hydroxybenzoic acids, e.g., salicylic acid and parahydroxybenzoic acid, are esterified by reacting same with a halocarbon, advantageously a halogenated derivative of an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, cyclo- or arylaliphatic hydrocarbon, in essentially homogeneous liquid phase and in the presence of a nonquaternizable tertiary amine.

Abstract: N-phenylbenzoquinone-imine is prepared by oxidizing N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)aniline in a liquid, at least partially organic reaction medium, in the presence of a basic compound and, advantageously, a catalytically effective amount of at least one manganese, copper, cobalt and/or nickel compound; this imine can be reacted with an aliphatic or cycloaliphatic amine to produce an N-phenyl-N'-cycloalkyl-para-phenylene-diamine and an N-phenyl-N'-cycloalkyl-2,5-cyclohexadiene-1,4-diimine, such 1,4-diimine itself being easily reduced to the corresponding p-phenylenediamine.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel process for the preparation of a ditertiary-alkyl dicarbonate from an acid halide in the presence of a complexing agent. More particularly, it relates to the preparation of a ditertiary-butyl dicarbonate.

Abstract: Phenolic compounds, notably admixtures of 2,4-dichlorophenol and 2,6-dichlorophenol, are selectively chlorinated at the ortho positions thereof, with gaseous chlorine and in a molten medium, in the presence of a selectivity-enhancing effective amount of an organic cation.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of N-monoalkyl or N-monoalkenyl anilines wherein the aniline is contacted with an alkyl or alkenyl halide in the presence of a non-quaternizable organic base and a salt of a non-quaternizable organic base.

Abstract: Bisphenol A is prepared by condensing a stoichiometric excess of phenol with acetone in the presence of (a) a catalytically effective amount of an acid catalyst, e.g., benzenesulfonic acid, and (b) a co-catalytically effective amount of a functional polymer characteristically having the formula: ##STR1## in which m is 0 or 1, n is 0 or 1, p is 0 or 1, R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3, which may be identical or different, are each a hydrogen atom, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl radical or a phenyl radical optionally substituted by 1 or 2 hydroxyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy groups, and R.sup.4 is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl radical, or one of the groups: --CHO, --NO.sub.2, --CO.sub.2 H, --CO.sub.2 R.sup.5 wherein R.sup.5 is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl radical, or ##STR2## is the residue of a chloromethylated resin.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of N-monoallyl-meta-trifluoromethyl aniline, by condensing meta-bromo-trifluoromethyl benzene with allylamine in the presence of a nickel (II) catalyst.

Abstract: The polychlorophenols, e.g., 2,6-dichlorophenol (a known agrochemical intermediate), are effectively prepared by chlorinating ortho-chlorophenol with gaseous chlorine, optionally in the presence of other chlorophenols, characteristically in the molten state, and in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of a primary, secondary or tertiary amine.

Abstract: The preparation of 4,4'-dibromobiphenyl. A biphenyl is reacted with bromine in a solvent in the presence of a catalytic system based on at least one component selected from the group consisting of Lewis acids and iodine.