Abstract: The present invention provides genes that are differentially expressed during neoplasia. These genes and gene products comprise panels for use in screening candidate agents for therapeutic intervention in lung cancers, and for use in therapeutic, prognostic and diagnostic methods and compositions. Therapeutic agents are also provided by the invention. Diagnostic compositions include compositions comprising detection agents for detecting one or more genes that have been shown to be up-or down-regulated in pathogenesis of lung cancer. Exemplary detection agents include nucleic acid probes, which can be in solution or attached to a solid surface, e.g., in the form of a microarray. The invention also provides computer-readable media comprising values of levels of expression of one or more genes that are modulated in lung cancer.