Abstract: A selector according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a first electrode; a second electrode disposed opposite to the first electrode; an ion supply layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode to be on the side of the first electrode and doped with a metal, wherein the doped metal diffuses toward the second electrode; a switching layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode to be on the side of the second electrode, wherein the doped metal diffuses from the ion supply layer into the switching layer so that metal concentration distribution inside the switching layer is changed to generate metal filaments; and a diffusion control layer inserted between the ion supply layer and the switching layer, wherein the diffusion control layer serves to adjust electrical characteristics related to the generated metal filaments as the amount of the diffusing metal is adjusted in proportion to a thickness of the diffusion control layer.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of an animal-protein-free botulinum toxin composition to treat a disease, disorder or condition in a patient in need thereof whereby the animal-protein-free botulinum toxin composition exhibits a longer lasting effect in the patient compared to an animal-protein-containing botulinum toxin composition.

Abstract: A software package, a gateway for transmitting the same, and a software update method using the same are provided. A software package includes a binary file, a configuration file, and a hash file. The binary file includes read-only memory (ROM) data of a target controller. A management server generates the configuration file by combining a hash value obtained by hashing the binary file with meta information indicating an update procedure between a gateway and the target controller. The management server generates the hash file by hashing the configuration file. The gateway receives the software package and extract the binary file and the configuration file. The gateway transmits the binary file to the target controller according to the update procedure indicated by the meta information.

Abstract: A display device comprises a substrate; a circuit array layer comprising pixel drivers, data lines, first dummy lines, and second dummy lines; and a light emitting array layer. The display area comprises middle, first side, and second side regions. The data lines comprise first, second, and third data lines disposed in the middle, first side, and second side regions, respectively. The first dummy lines comprise a first data detour line disposed in the first side region and adjacent to a part of the second data line, and auxiliary lines. The second dummy lines comprise a second data detour line configured to connect the first data detour line to the third data line, and additional lines. The auxiliary lines comprise a bias auxiliary line to which a bias power is applied; and a second power auxiliary line to which a second power is applied.

Abstract: A vehicular software update system for remotely performing a software update of a vehicle and a method thereof are provided. The vehicular software update system includes a management controller installed in a vehicle and a server that performs a remote software update in cooperation with the management controller. The management controller controls the vehicle to start in response to receiving a request for the remote software update from the server, downloads software for update from the server after controlling the vehicle to start, transmits the downloaded software for update to a performance controller in the background, determines whether the transmission of the software for update in the background is completed based on the vehicle being turned off, and performs a software update of the performance controller using the software for update based on the transmission of the software for update in the background being completed.

Abstract: A vehicular software update system includes a management controller coupled to a vehicle and at least one performance controller that receives software for over-the-air (OTA) update in the background from the management controller. The management controller determines a network load of the vehicle and adjusts a transmission speed of the software for OTA update, the software being transmitted to the at least one performance controller, based on a driving state of the vehicle and the network load of the vehicle.

Abstract: Disclosed is a composite fiber including a substrate and a MXene disposed inside the substrate. The substrate contains a polymer and has a fiber shape. Since the MXene content is controlled to be in an optimum range, the mechanical properties, mechanical stability, and oxidation stability of the composite fiber are maximized.

Abstract: A high-durability electrical contact structure may include a first contact and a second contact disposed to face each other while being spaced apart a predetermined distance from each other. A portion of the second contact includes a magnetic material. Damage to the surfaces of an arcing electrical contact according to arc generation positions between contacts is minimized, increasing the life of the arcing electrical contact.

Abstract: A battery pack structure includes: a battery cell unit which is provided with a plurality of battery cells and configured to transmit power to a vehicle, a temperature sensor unit which measures a temperature of the battery cell unit, a heating unit which is installed apart in the battery cell unit and configured to transmit heat to the battery cell unit, and a control unit which is connected to the temperature sensor unit and the heating unit, and receives a temperature signal from the temperature sensor unit to control operations of the heating unit.

Abstract: A high-durability electrical contact structure may include a first contact and a second contact disposed to face each other while being spaced apart a predetermined distance from each other. A portion of the second contact includes a magnetic material. Damage to the surfaces of an arcing electrical contact according to arc generation positions between contacts is minimized, increasing the life of the arcing electrical contact.

Abstract: A battery cell includes: an inner wall; battery electrodes; a separator; a battery cell; and a heating sheet. The heating sheet may have a structure including a heating unit and insulating films. The heating unit may include a heating element and heating unit electrodes, and the heating sheet may be positioned between the two adjacent battery electrodes or positioned between an outermost battery electrode and the inner wall.

Abstract: An eco-humidifier for a vehicle performs a humidifying function by using solar light energy without separate power, and includes: a case having space to accommodate water and in which a light collecting device is installed on a top of the case so as to concentrate solar light; multiple metallic nano particles that sink in the water accommodated in the case to absorb the solar light passing through the light collecting device; and a condenser, an evaporator, and a blower motor connected with one upper side of the case via a connection pipe, where the metallic nano particles are heated by a surface Plasmon resonance phenomenon to vaporize the water to vapor.

Abstract: An eco-humidifier for a vehicle performs a humidifying function by using solar light energy without separate power, and includes: a case having space to accommodate water and in which a light collecting device is installed on a top of the case so as to concentrate solar light; multiple metallic nano particles that sink in the water accommodated in the case to absorb the solar light passing through the light collecting device; and a condenser, an evaporator, and a blower motor connected with one upper side of the case via a connection pipe, where the metallic nano particles are heated by a surface Plasmon resonance phenomenon to vaporize the water to vapor.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions and methods for regulating expression of heterologous nucleotide sequences in a plant. Compositions include a novel nucleotide sequence for a root-preferred promoter for the gene encoding CRWAQ81. A method for expressing a heterologous nucleotide sequence in a plant using the promoter sequences disclosed herein is provided. The method comprises stably incorporating into the genome of a plant cell a nucleotide sequence operably linked to the root-preferred promoter of the present invention and regenerating a stably transformed plant that expresses the nucleotide sequence.