Abstract: A water preparation apparatus for determining an amount of total chlorine in purified water is disclosed. The water preparation apparatus includes a chlorine sensing system, a water pretreatment filter, a reverse osmosis filter, and an electrodeionization (“EDI”) module. The chlorine sensing system is configured to determine an amount of total chlorine in the purified water by applying, at a first time, a source voltage to the purified water and removing, at a second time, the source voltage. The chlorine sensing system then measures, after the second time, an electrical parameter of the purified water. The chlorine sensing system determines the amount of total chlorine in the purified water based on the measured electrical parameter.

Abstract: The detection of phishing Portable Document Format (PDF) files using an image-based deep learning approach is disclosed. A PDF document that includes a Universal Resource Locator is received. A likelihood that the received PDF document represents a phishing threat is determined, at least in part, by using an image based model. A verdict for the PDF document is provided as output based at least in part on the determined likelihood.

Abstract: Applicators and a method of coloring antiseptics are provided. More specifically, in one embodiment, an applicator having a flexible hollow body containing antiseptic to be applied is provided. The applicator also has a porous element containing colorant positioned such that the antiseptic flows through the porous element containing colorant. Colorant is transferred to the antiseptic as it flows through the porous element. The resulting colored solution may be applied to the desired surface, wherein it may achieve improved visualization across various tones of surfaces.

Abstract: A dialysis method and system for determining an amount of total chlorine in a partially purified water sample is disclosed. The system includes a water machine that produces at least partially purified water including an at least partially purified water sample and a dialysis machine that provides a dialysis treatment to a patient. The dialysis machine receives the at least partially purified water from the water machine to prepare dialysis fluid for the dialysis treatment. The system also includes a total chlorine detector configured to receive the at least partially purified water sample, at a first time apply a source voltage to the at least partially purified water sample, and at a second time stop applying the source voltage to the at least partially purified water sample and instead monitor a sensed electrical parameter to determine an amount of total chlorine in the at least partially purified water sample.

Abstract: A dialysis method and system for determining an amount of total chlorine in a partially purified water sample is disclosed. The system includes a water machine that produces at least partially purified water including an at least partially purified water sample and a dialysis machine that provides a dialysis treatment to a patient. The dialysis machine receives the at least partially purified water from the water machine to prepare dialysis fluid for the dialysis treatment. The system also includes a total chlorine detector configured to receive the at least partially purified water sample, at a first time apply a source voltage to the at least partially purified water sample, and at a second time stop applying the source voltage to the at least partially purified water sample and instead monitor a sensed electrical parameter to determine an amount of total chlorine in the at least partially purified water sample.

Abstract: A dialysis system for determining an amount of total chlorine in a partially purified water sample is disclosed. The system includes a water machine that produces at least partially purified water including an at least partially purified water sample and a dialysis machine that provides a dialysis treatment to a patient. The dialysis machine receives the at least partially purified water from the water machine to prepare dialysis fluid for the dialysis treatment. The system also includes a total chlorine detector configured to receive the at least partially purified water sample, at a first time apply a source voltage to the at least partially purified water sample, and at a second time stop applying the source voltage to the at least partially purified water sample and instead monitor a sensed electrical parameter to determine an amount of total chlorine in the at least partially purified water sample.

Abstract: A sound suppressing gun barrel incorporating a bullet channel having breachward and muzzleward ends; at least a first “U” channel positioned radially outwardly from the bullet channel, the at least first “U” channel having a web, having a gas receiving arm extending muzzlewardly from the web, and having first and second gas conveying arms extending muzzlewardly from opposite ends of the web; the sound suppressing gun barrel further having an inlet port opening the at least first “U” channel at a muzzleward end of the at least first “U” channel's first gas conveying arm, the inlet port communicating with the bullet channel; the sound suppressing gun barrel further having an outlet port further opening the at least first “U” channel, the outlet port being positioned at a muzzleward end of the at least first “U” channel's second gas conveying arm.

Abstract: A gun barrel sound suppressor incorporating a housing having a breach end, a muzzle end, and a barrel axis extending between those ends; a bullet passage conduit aligned with the barrel axis; a first annular gas outlet port opening the bullet passage conduit; a first annular gas inlet port further opening the bullet passage conduit, the first annular gas inlet port being positioned muzzlewardly from the first annular gas outlet port; a first circumferentially extending “U” channel having a web, having a breachward arm having a distal end, and having a muzzleward arm having a distal end, wherein the distal end of the first breachward arm communicates with the first annular gas outlet port, and wherein the distal end of the first muzzleward arm communicates with the first annular gas inlet port.

Abstract: A sound suppressing gun barrel incorporating a bullet channel having breachward and muzzleward ends; at least a first “U” channel positioned radially outwardly from the bullet channel, the at least first “U” channel having a web, having a gas receiving arm extending muzzlewardly from the web, and having first and second gas conveying arms extending muzzlewardly from opposite ends of the web; the sound suppressing gun barrel further having an inlet port opening the at least first “U” channel at a muzzleward end of the at least first “U” channel's first gas conveying arm, the inlet port communicating with the bullet channel; the sound suppressing gun barrel further having an outlet port further opening the at least first “U” channel, the outlet port being positioned at a muzzleward end of the at least first “U” channel's second gas conveying arm.

Abstract: A gun barrel sound suppressor incorporating a housing having a breach end, a muzzle end, and a barrel axis extending between those ends; a bullet passage conduit aligned with the barrel axis; a first annular gas outlet port opening the bullet passage conduit; a first annular gas inlet port further opening the bullet passage conduit, the first annular gas inlet port being positioned muzzlewardly from the first annular gas outlet port; a first circumferentially extending “U” channel having a web, having a breachward arm having a distal end, and having a muzzleward arm having a distal end, wherein the distal end of the first breachward arm communicates with the first annular gas outlet port, and wherein the distal end of the first muzzleward arm communicates with the first annular gas inlet port.

Abstract: A dialysis system for determining an amount of total chlorine in a partially purified water sample is disclosed. The system includes a water machine that produces at least partially purified water including an at least partially purified water sample and a dialysis machine that provides a dialysis treatment to a patient. The dialysis machine receives the at least partially purified water from the water machine to prepare dialysis fluid for the dialysis treatment. The system also includes a total chlorine detector configured to receive the at least partially purified water sample, at a first time apply a source voltage to the at least partially purified water sample, and at a second time stop applying the source voltage to the at least partially purified water sample and instead monitor a sensed electrical parameter to determine an amount of total chlorine in the at least partially purified water sample.

Abstract: A system and method for determining a concentration of total chlorine in dialysis water are provided. The system comprises a main unit housing an iodide/water sample chamber and a reducing agent chamber. An electrode pair bridges the two chambers and generates tri-iodide proportional to the amount of total chlorine in the dialysis water. The electrode pair detects the amount of tri-iodide generated in proportion to the amount of active chloride in the dialysis water. The system is suitable for use in connection with, or for incorporation into, a water purification system for generating dialysis fluid, and may include a display that alerts the user to stop or prevent a hemodialysis treatment if the total chlorine level exceeds a predetermined level.

Abstract: A system and method for determining a concentration of total chlorine in dialysis water are provided. The system comprises a main unit housing a KI/water sample chamber and a sodium sulfate chamber. A first electrode pair bridges the two chambers and generates tri-iodide proportional to the amount of total chlorine in the water sample. A second electrode pair in contact with fluid in the KI/water sample detects an amount of tri-iodide generated by the first electrode pair. The system is suitable for use in connection with, or for incorporation into, a water purification system for generating dialysis fluid, and may include a display that alerts the user to stop or prevent a hemodialysis treatment if the total chlorine level exceeds a predetermined level.

Abstract: A system and method for determining a concentration of total chlorine in dialysis water are provided. The system comprises a main unit housing an iodide/water sample chamber and a reducing agent chamber. An electrode pair bridges the two chambers and generates tri-iodide proportional to the amount of total chlorine in the dialysis water. The electrode pair detects the amount of tri-iodide generated in proportion to the amount of active chloride in the dialysis water. The system is suitable for use in connection with, or for incorporation into, a water purification system for generating dialysis fluid, and may include a display that alerts the user to stop or prevent a hemodialysis treatment if the total chlorine level exceeds a predetermined level.

Abstract: A gun barrel for guiding a bullet along a longitudinal axis, the bullet having a diameter, the gun barrel having a circumferential series of lands, each land among the circumferential series of lands being radially displaced from the longitudinal axis a distance at least as great as one-half of the bullet's diameter, each land extending helically about the longitudinal axis; a plurality of sound reflection chambers, each sound reflection chambers among the plurality of sound reflection chambers being positioned between an adjacent pair of lands among the circumferential series of lands, each sound reflection chamber having a muzzle end, and each sound reflection chamber opening radially inwardly; and a plurality of sound reflection walls, each wall among the plurality of sound reflection walls closing one of the sound reflection chambers' muzzle ends.

Abstract: A system and method for determining a concentration of total chlorine in dialysis water are provided. The system comprises a main unit housing an iodide/water sample chamber and a reducing agent chamber. An electrode pair bridges the two chambers and generates tri-iodide proportional to the amount of total chlorine in the dialysis water. The electrode pair detects the amount of tri-iodide generated in proportion to the amount of active chloride in the dialysis water. The system is suitable for use in connection with, or for incorporation into, a water purification system for generating dialysis fluid, and may include a display that alerts the user to stop or prevent a hemodialysis treatment if the total chlorine level exceeds a predetermined level.

Abstract: A system and method for determining a concentration of total chlorine in dialysis water are provided. The system comprises a main unit housing an iodide/water sample chamber and a reducing agent chamber. An electrode pair bridges the two chambers and generates tri-iodide proportional to the amount of total chlorine in the dialysis water. The electrode pair detects the amount of tri-iodide generated in proportion to the amount of active chloride in the dialysis water. The system is suitable for use in connection with, or for incorporation into, a water purification system for generating dialysis fluid, and may include a display that alerts the user to stop or prevent a hemodialysis treatment if the total chlorine level exceeds a predetermined level.

Abstract: A gun barrel for guiding a bullet along a longitudinal axis, the bullet having a diameter, the gun barrel having a circumferential series of lands, each land among the circumferential series of lands being radially displaced from the longitudinal axis a distance at least as great as one-half of the bullet's diameter, each land extending helically about the longitudinal axis; a plurality of sound reflection chambers, each sound reflection chambers among the plurality of sound reflection chambers being positioned between an adjacent pair of lands among the circumferential series of lands, each sound reflection chamber having a muzzle end, and each sound reflection chamber opening radially inwardly; and a plurality of sound reflection walls, each wall among the plurality of sound reflection walls closing one of the sound reflection chambers' muzzle ends.

Abstract: A system and method for determining a concentration of total chlorine in dialysis water are provided. The system comprises a main unit housing a KI/water sample chamber and a sodium sulfate chamber. A first electrode pair bridges the two chambers and generates tri-iodide proportional to the amount of total chlorine in the water sample. A second electrode pair in contact with fluid in the KI/water sample detects an amount of tri-iodide generated by the first electrode pair. The system is suitable for use in connection with, or for incorporation into, a water purification system for generating dialysis fluid, and may include a display that alerts the user to stop or prevent a hemodialysis treatment if the total chlorine level exceeds a predetermined level.

Abstract: A system and method for determining a concentration of total chlorine in dialysis water are provided. The system comprises a main unit housing an iodide/water sample chamber and a reducing agent chamber. An electrode pair bridges the two chambers and generates tri-iodide proportional to the amount of total chlorine in the dialysis water. The electrode pair detects the amount of tri-iodide generated in proportion to the amount of active chloride in the dialysis water. The system is suitable for use in connection with, or for incorporation into, a water purification system for generating dialysis fluid, and may include a display that alerts the user to stop or prevent a hemodialysis treatment if the total chlorine level exceeds a predetermined level.