Abstract: Methods and systems for detecting systemwide service issues by using anomaly localization. In an example, a method includes receiving time-series monitoring data for multiple services, the time-series monitoring data including multiple dimensions and an error metric; for the monitoring data from each service, evaluating scopes within the monitoring data based on an objective function for a time-series of the error metric to identify at least one anomalous scope, each scope including at least one dimension and a value for the dimension; based on evaluating the scopes, generating a ranked list of scopes for each service based on objective function scores for the scopes; correlating the ranked lists of scopes across the multiple services to identify a cross-service anomaly; and generating an alert for the services based on the cross-service anomaly, the alert indicating at least one scope as a potential root cause for the cross-service anomaly.

Abstract: A high-purity inhalable insulin material, used for preparing a pulmonary pharmaceutical product, includes insulin particles having a particle size at the micrometer level and having the following characteristics: (i) the purity of insulin is not less than 96% on the dried basis; (ii) the total amount of insulin-related impurities is not more than 2%; (iii) the total amount of solvent impurities, which is not a co-solvent formulation component for a pulmonary product, is not more than 0.03%; and (iv) the total amount of non-solvent impurities is not more than 0.3%. Up to 99% by volume of the insulin particles in the inhalable insulin have a particle size of less than 5 ?m, based on the total volume of the insulin particles. A high-efficiency method prepares high-purity inhalable insulin material. The yield rate for the high-efficiency method is 75 to 85% or more.

Abstract: Provided in the present invention are a novel pro-insulin aspart structure design and a method for preparing insulin aspart. The main steps comprise designing the pro-insulin aspart sequence, constructing recombinant insulin aspart engineered bacteria, inducing an insulin fusion protein expressed in the form of an inclusion body by means of the engineered bacteria, and obtaining a mature insulin aspart material drug by means of denaturing, renaturing enzymatic digestion, and separation purification, By means of changing the recombinant leading peptide and C-peptice sequences, the invention avoids the dangerous and tedious step of cleavage using cyanogen bromide. The C-peptide is shortened to one amino acid, reducing the quality loss of enzymatic digestion conversion.

Abstract: A high-purity inhalable insulin material, used for preparing a pulmonary pharmaceutical product, includes insulin particles having a particle size at the micrometer level and having the following characteristics: (i) the purity of insulin is not less than 96% on the dried basis; (ii) the total amount of insulin-related impurities is not more than 2%; (iii) the total amount of solvent impurities, which is not a co-solvent formulation component for a pulmonary product, is not more than 0.03%; and (iv) the total amount of non-solvent impurities is not more than 0.3%. Up to 99% by volume of the insulin particles in the inhalable insulin have a particle size of less than 5 ?m, based on the total volume of the insulin particles. A high-efficiency method prepares high-purity inhalable insulin material. The yield rate for the high-efficiency method is 75 to 85% or more.

Abstract: A high-purity inhalable insulin material, used for preparing a pulmonary pharmaceutical product, includes insulin particles having a particle size at the micrometer level and having the following characteristics: (i) the purity of insulin is not less than 96% on the dried basis; (ii) the total amount of insulin-related impurities is not more than 2%; (iii) the total amount of solvent impurities, which is not a co-solvent formulation component for a pulmonary product, is not more than 0.03%; and (iv) the total amount of non-solvent impurities is not more than 0.3%. Up to 99% by volume of the insulin particles in the inhalable insulin have a particle size of less than 5 ?m, based on the total volume of the insulin particles. A high-efficiency method prepares high-purity inhalable insulin material. The yield rate for the high-efficiency method is 75 to 85% or more.

Abstract: A high-purity inhalable insulin material, used for preparing a pulmonary pharmaceutical product, includes insulin particles having a particle size at the micrometer level and having the following characteristics: (i) the purity of insulin is not less than 96% on the dried basis; (ii) the total amount of insulin-related impurities is not more than 2%; (iii) the total amount of solvent impurities, which is not a co-solvent formulation component for a pulmonary product, is not more than 0.03%; and (iv) the total amount of non-solvent impurities is not more than 0.3%. Up to 99% by volume of the insulin particles in the inhalable insulin have a particle size of less than 5 ?m, based on the total volume of the insulin particles. A high-efficiency method prepares high-purity inhalable insulin material. The yield rate for the high-efficiency method is 75 to 85% or more.

Abstract: A method of preparing an inhalable insulin suitable for pulmonary delivery includes: dissolving an insulin raw material in an acidic solution to form a dissolved insulin solution; titrating the dissolved insulin solution with a buffer solution to form a suspension comprising micronized insulin particles; and stabilizing the micronized insulin particles.

Abstract: A high-purity inhalable insulin material, used for preparing a pulmonary pharmaceutical product, includes insulin particles having a particle size at the micrometer level and having the following characteristics: (i) the purity of insulin is not less than 96% on the dried basis; (ii) the total amount of insulin-related impurities is not more than 2%; (iii) the total amount of solvent impurities, which is not a co-solvent formulation component for a pulmonary product, is not more than 0.03%; and (iv) the total amount of non-solvent impurities is not more than 0.3%. Up to 99% by volume of the insulin particles in the inhalable insulin have a particle size of less than 5 ?m, based on the total volume of the insulin particles. A high-efficiency method prepares high-purity inhalable insulin material. The yield rate for the high-efficiency method is 75 to 85% or more.

Abstract: A high-purity inhalable insulin material, used for preparing a pulmonary pharmaceutical product, includes insulin particles having a particle size at the micrometer level and having the following characteristics: (i) the purity of insulin is not less than 96% on the dried basis; (ii) the total amount of insulin-related impurities is not more than 2%; (iii) the total amount of solvent impurities, which is not a co-solvent formulation component for a pulmonary product, is not more than 0.03%; and (iv) the total amount of non-solvent impurities is not more than 0.3%. Up to 99% by volume of the insulin particles in the inhalable insulin have a particle size of less than 5 ?m, based on the total volume of the insulin particles. A high-efficiency method prepares high-purity inhalable insulin material. The yield rate for the high-efficiency method is 75 to 85% or more.

Abstract: A method of preparing an inhalable insulin suitable for pulmonary delivery includes: dissolving an insulin raw material in an acidic solution to form a dissolved insulin solution; titrating the dissolved insulin solution with a buffer solution to form a suspension comprising micronized insulin particles; and stabilizing the micronized insulin particles.

Abstract: A welding head assembly has a work piece disposed between its containment plates' opposing surfaces with the work piece being maintained in a plastic state thereof at least in a vicinity of the welding head assembly's stir rod as the rod is rotated about its longitudinal axis. The welding head assembly and the work piece experience relative movement therebetween in a direction perpendicular to the rod's longitudinal axis as the work piece is subjected to a compressive force applied by the containment plates. A first source coupled to the first containment plate applies a first ultrasonic wave thereto such that the first ultrasonic wave propagates parallel to the direction of relative movement. A second source coupled to the second containment plate applies a second ultrasonic wave thereto such that the second ultrasonic wave propagates parallel to the direction of relative movement.

Abstract: A control system for a thermal stir welding system is provided. The control system includes a sensor and a controller. The sensor is coupled to the welding system's containment plate assembly and generates signals indicative of temperature of a region adjacent and parallel to the welding system's stir rod. The controller is coupled to the sensor and generates at least one control signal using the sensor signals indicative of temperature. The controller is also coupled to the welding system such that at least one of rotational speed of the stir rod, heat supplied by the welding system's induction heater, and feed speed of the welding system's weld material feeder are controlled based on the control signal(s).

Abstract: A method of performing ultrasonic stir welding uses a welding head assembly to include a plate and a rod passing through the plate. The rod is rotatable about a longitudinal axis thereof. In the method, the rod is rotated about its longitudinal axis during a welding operation. During the welding operation, a series of on-off ultrasonic pulses are applied to the rod such that they propagate parallel to the rod's longitudinal axis. At least a pulse rate associated with the on-off ultrasonic pulses is controlled.

Abstract: An ultrasonic stir welding system includes a welding head assembly having a plate and a rod passing through the plate. The rod is rotatable about a longitudinal axis thereof. During a welding operation, ultrasonic pulses are applied to the rod as it rotates about its longitudinal axis. The ultrasonic pulses are applied in such a way that they propagate parallel to the longitudinal axis of the rod.

Abstract: A welding method is provided for forming a weld joint between first and second elements of a workpiece. The method includes heating the first and second elements to form an interface of material in a plasticized or melted state interface between the elements. The interface material is then allowed to cool to a plasticized state if previously in a melted state. The interface material, while in the plasticized state, is then mixed, for example, using a grinding/extruding process, to remove any dendritic-type weld microstructures introduced into the interface material during the heating process.

Abstract: A welding apparatus is provided for forming a weld joint between first and second elements of a workpiece. The apparatus heats the first and second elements to form an interface of material in a plasticized or melted state interface between the elements. The interface material is then allowed to cool to a plasticized state if previously in a melted state. The interface material, while in the plasticized state, is then mixed, for example, using a grinding/extruding mixer, to remove any dendritic-type weld microstructures introduced into the interface material during heating.

Abstract: A welding method and apparatus are provided for forming a weld joint between first and second elements of a workpiece. The method includes heating the first and second elements to form an interface of material in a plasticized or melted state interface between the elements. The interface material is then allowed to cool to a plasticized state if previously in a melted state. The interface material, while in the plasticized state, is then mixed, for example, using a grinding/extruding process, to remove any dendritic-type weld microstructures introduced into the interface material during the heating process.

Abstract: An ultrasonic stir welding device provides a method and apparatus for elevating the temperature of a work piece utilizing at least one ultrasonic heater. Instead of relying on a rotating shoulder to provide heat to a workpiece an ultrasonic heater is utilized to provide ultrasonic energy to the workpiece. A rotating pin driven by a motor assembly performs the weld on the workpiece. A handheld version can be constructed as well as a fixedly mounted embodiment.

Abstract: A welding method and apparatus are provided for forming a weld joint between first and second elements of a workpiece. The method includes heating the first and second elements to form an interface of material in a plasticized or melted state interface between the elements. The interface material is then allowed to cool to a plasticized state if previously in a melted state. The interface material, while in the plasticized state, is then mixed, for example, using a grinding/extruding process, to remove any dendritic-type weld microstructures introduced into the interface material during the heating process.

Abstract: A control is provided for a friction stir welding apparatus comprising a pin tool which includes a shoulder and a rotating pin extending outwardly from the shoulder of the pin tool and which, in use, is plunged into a workpiece formed contacting workpiece members to stir weld the members together. The control system controls the penetration of the pin tool into the workpiece members which are mounted on a support anvil. The control system includes a pin length controller for controlling pin length relative to the shoulder and for producing a corresponding pin length signal. A pin force sensor senses the force being exerted on the pin during welding and produces a corresponding actual pin force signal. A probe controller controls a probe extending outwardly from the pin, senses a parameter related to the distance between the probe and the supporting anvil and produces a corresponding probe signal.