Abstract: An electronic device responds to a user input that includes a movement detected while displaying a user interface object at a first position relative to a first user interface of a first application. If the user input is directed to a location that corresponds to the first user interface object at a start of the movement, the electronic device moves a respective representation of the first user interface in accordance with the movement, relative to a background located behind the first user interface and remaining visible during the movement. If the user input is directed to a portion of the first user interface that is away from the location that corresponds the first user interface object, at the start of the movement, the electronic device performs an operation within the first user interface without moving the respective representation of the first user interface relative to the background.

Abstract: A method of operating an electrically powered rotorcraft of the type having a fuselage and a set of N rotors driven by a set of electric motors and coupled to the fuselage, N?4, under a failure condition preventing ordinary operation of the rotorcraft. The method includes entering a failsafe mode of operation wherein autorotation of at least four of the rotors is enabled. The method also includes using electrical braking associated with a selected group of the rotors to control pitch, roll and yaw of the rotorcraft.

Abstract: A method of assigning processing resources is described. The method includes receiving an application and analyzing the application to determine an expected run time use of the processing resources. At least a portion of the processing resources are assigned to the application based on the expected run time use of the processing resources. A computing system architecture including a processing resource pool, an interface, and a special purpose optimization coprocessor is also described. The interface receives an application to be executed. The special purpose optimization coprocessor receives information about the application and the processing resource pool and outputs an allocation scheme for allocating tasks of the application to the processing resource pool.

Abstract: An improved vertical takeoff aircraft of the type having a set of pads that are in contact with the ground when the aircraft is at rest on the ground and a controllable lift and propulsion system. The aircraft includes an array of force sensors coupled to the set of pads. The array has an output providing measurements over time of forces exerted on the pads along at least two independent axes. The aircraft also includes a controller, coupled to the lift and propulsion system and to the array of force sensors. The controller is configured to control the lift and propulsion system in a manner to counteract forces exerted externally on the aircraft that would cause undesired motion of the aircraft when on the ground and transitioning from the ground to flight.

Abstract: A method of operating an electrically powered rotorcraft of the type having a fuselage and a set of N rotors driven by a set of electric motors and coupled to the fuselage, N ? 4, under a failure condition preventing ordinary operation of the rotorcraft. The method includes entering a failsafe mode of operation wherein autorotation of at least four of the rotors is enabled. The method also includes using electrical braking associated with a selected group of the rotors to control pitch, roll and yaw of the rotorcraft.

Abstract: A system for ultrasound beamforming is provided, including a sampled analog beamformer, an array of ultrasound transducers, and a high voltage amplifier coupled to the sampled analog beamformer and the array of ultrasound transducers. The sampled analog beamformer includes a sampled analog filter for filtering an incoming analog signal and adding a fractional delay, and transmitting a filtered analog ultrasound signal. The array of ultrasound transducers further transmits the filtered analog ultrasound signal. The high voltage amplifier drives transducers in the array of ultrasound transducers.

Abstract: A method of operating an electrically powered rotorcraft of the type having a fuselage and a set of N rotors driven by a set of electric motors and coupled to the fuselage, N?4, under a failure condition preventing ordinary operation of the rotorcraft. The method includes entering a failsafe mode of operation wherein autorotation of at least four of the rotors is enabled. The method also includes using electrical braking associated with a selected group of the rotors to control yaw of the rotorcraft.

Abstract: Systems and methods of implementing a more efficient and less resource-intensive CNN are disclosed herein. In particular, applications of CNN in the analog domain using Sampled Analog Technology (SAT) methods are disclosed. Using a CNN design with SAT results in lower power usage and faster operation as compared to a CNN design with digital logic and memory. The lower power usage of a CNN design with SAT can allow for sensor devices that also detect features at very low power for isolated operation.

Abstract: A system including digital oscillators and at least one programmable interconnect is described. The programmable interconnect(s) provide weights for and selectably couples at least a portion of the digital oscillators. The digital oscillators and the programmable interconnect(s) form an optimization processing unit (OPU). A system for performing reversible logic is also described. The system includes digital oscillators coupled to perform a logic operation and an error correction unit coupled to the digital oscillators. The error correction unit is configured to sample states of the digital oscillators, detect error(s) in the states, and tune connection coefficient(s) between the oscillators in response to detecting the error(s).

Abstract: A system for ultrasound beamforming is provided, including a sampled analog beamformer, an array of ultrasound transducers, and a high voltage amplifier coupled to the sampled analog beamformer and the array of ultrasound transducers. The sampled analog beamformer includes a sampled analog filter for filtering an incoming analog signal and adding a fractional delay, and transmitting a filtered analog ultrasound signal. The array of ultrasound transducers further transmits the filtered analog ultrasound signal. The high voltage amplifier drives transducers in the array of ultrasound transducers.

Abstract: A system for ultrasound beamforming is provided, including a sampled analog beamformer, an array of ultrasound transducers, and a high voltage amplifier coupled to the sampled analog beamformer and the array of ultrasound transducers. The sampled analog beamformer includes a sampled analog filter for filtering an incoming analog signal and adding a fractional delay, and transmitting a filtered analog ultrasound signal. The array of ultrasound transducers further transmits the filtered analog ultrasound signal. The high voltage amplifier drives transducers in the array of ultrasound transducers.

Abstract: Activity monitors and smart watches utilizing optical measurements are becoming widely popular, and users expect to get an increasingly accurate estimate of their heart rate (HR) from these devices. These devices are equipped with a light source and an optical sensor which enable estimation of HR using a technique called photoplethysmography (PPG). One of the main challenges of HR estimation using PPG is the coupling of motion into the optical PPG signal when the user is moving randomly or exercising. The present disclosure describes a computationally feasible and fast HR estimation algorithm to be executed at instances of little or no motion. Resulting HR readings may be useful on their own, or be provided to systems that monitor HR continuously to prevent the problem of such systems being locked on an incorrect HR for long periods of time. Implementing techniques described herein leads to more accurate HR measurements.

Abstract: Heart rate monitors are plagued by noisy photoplethysmography (PPG) data, which makes it difficult for the monitors to output a consistently accurate heart rate reading. Noise is often caused by motion. Using known methods for processing accelerometer readings that measure movement to filter out some of this noise may help, but not always. The present disclosure describes an improved front-end technique (time-domain interference removal) based on using adaptive linear prediction on accelerometer data to generate filters for filtering the PPG signal prior to tracking the frequency of the heartbeat (heart rate). The present disclosure also describes an improved back-end technique based on steering the frequency of a resonant filter in order to track the heartbeat. Implementing one or both of these techniques leads to more accurate heart rate measurements.

Abstract: Heart rate monitors are plagued by noisy photoplethysmography (PPG) data, which makes it difficult for the monitors to output a consistently accurate heart rate reading. Noise is often caused by motion. Using known methods for processing accelerometer readings that measure movement to filter out some of this noise may help, but not always. The present disclosure describes an improved front-end technique (time-domain interference removal) based on using adaptive linear prediction on accelerometer data to generate filters for filtering the PPG signal prior to tracking the frequency of the heartbeat (heart rate). The present disclosure also describes an improved back-end technique based on steering the frequency of a resonant filter in order to track the heartbeat. Implementing one or both of these techniques leads to more accurate heart rate measurements.

Abstract: Activity monitors and smart watches utilizing optical measurements are becoming widely popular, and users expect to get an increasingly accurate estimate of their heart rate (HR) from these devices. These devices are equipped with a light source and an optical sensor which enable estimation of HR using a technique called photoplethysmography (PPG). One of the main challenges of HR estimation using PPG is the coupling of motion into the optical PPG signal when the user is moving randomly or exercising. The present disclosure describes a computationally feasible and fast HR estimation algorithm to be executed at instances of little or no motion. Resulting HR readings may be useful on their own, or be provided to systems that monitor HR continuously to prevent the problem of such systems being locked on an incorrect HR for long periods of time. Implementing techniques described herein leads to more accurate HR measurements.

Abstract: A datapath circuit may include a digital multiply and accumulate circuit (MAC) and a digital hardware calculator for parallel computation. The digital hardware calculator and the MAC may be coupled to an input memory element for receipt of input operands. The MAC may include a digital multiplier structure with partial product generators coupled to an adder to multiply a first and second input operands and generate a multiplication result. The digital hardware calculator may include a first look-up table coupled between a calculator input and a calculator output register. The first look-up table may include table entry values mapped to corresponding math function results in accordance with a first predetermined mathematical function. The digital hardware calculator may be configured to calculate, based on the first look-up table, a computationally hard mathematical function such as a logarithm function, an exponential function, a division function and a square root function.

Abstract: Systems and methods of implementing a more efficient and less resource-intensive CNN are disclosed herein. In particular, applications of CNN in the analog domain using Sampled Analog Technology (SAT) methods are disclosed. Using a CNN design with SAT results in lower power usage and faster operation as compared to a CNN design with digital logic and memory. The lower power usage of a CNN design with SAT can allow for sensor devices that also detect features at very low power for isolated operation.

Abstract: The disclosed apparatus and methods include a reconfigurable sampling accelerator and a method of using the reconfigurable sampling accelerator, respectively. The reconfigurable sampling accelerator can be adapted to a variety of target applications. The reconfigurable sampling accelerator can include a sampling module, a memory system, and a controller that is configured to coordinate operations in the sampling module and the memory system. The sampling module can include a plurality of sampling units, and the plurality of sampling units can be configured to generate samples in parallel. The sampling module can leverage inherent characteristics of a probabilistic model to generate samples in parallel.

Abstract: Heart rate monitors are plagued by noisy photoplethysmography (PPG) data, which makes it difficult for the monitors to output a consistently accurate heart rate reading. Noise is often caused by motion. Using known methods for processing accelerometer readings that measure movement to filter out some of this noise may help, but not always. The present disclosure describes an improved filtering approach, referred to herein as an iterative frequency-domain mask estimation technique, based on using frequency-domain representation (e.g. STFT) of PPG data and accelerometer data for each accelerometer channel to generate filters for filtering the PPG signal from motion-related artifacts prior to tracking frequency of the heartbeat (heart rate). Implementing this technique leads to more accurate heart rate measurements.

Abstract: Heart rate monitors are plagued by noisy photoplethysmography (PPG) data, which makes it difficult for the monitors to output a consistently accurate heart rate reading. Noise is often caused by motion. Using known methods for processing accelerometer readings that measure movement to filter out some of this noise may help, but not always. The present disclosure describes an improved front-end technique (time-domain interference removal) based on using adaptive linear prediction on accelerometer data to generate filters for filtering the PPG signal prior to tracking the frequency of the heartbeat (heart rate). The present disclosure also describes an improved back-end technique based on steering the frequency of a resonant filter in order to track the heartbeat. Implementing one or both of these techniques leads to more accurate heart rate measurements.