Abstract: Separation of an air compression supply port from exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) in internal combustion engines. In one aspect, an air intake connector includes an entry port for an EGR gas, and an air intake elbow is connected to the air intake connector, the elbow receiving air. The elbow includes a first passage for routing a first portion of the air to the air intake connector to be mixed with the EGR gas, and a second passage for routing a second portion of the air to the air intake connector and out an exit port to an air compressor. The second passage is attached to the elbow and extends through a bend in the elbow.

Abstract: Separation of an air compression supply port from exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) in internal combustion engines. In one aspect, an air intake connector includes an entry port for an EGR gas, and an air intake elbow is connected to the air intake connector, the elbow receiving air. The elbow includes a first passage for routing a first portion of the air to the air intake connector to be mixed with the EGR gas, and a second passage for routing a second portion of the air to the air intake connector and out an exit port to an air compressor. The second passage is attached to the elbow and extends through a bend in the elbow.

Abstract: A semiconductor device may include first, second, and third semiconductor layers. The first and third layers may have a first dopant type, and the second layer may have a second dopant type. A first region within the third semiconductor layer may have the second dopant type. A second region between the first region and the second semiconductor layer may have the first dopant type. A third region above the second region may have the first dopant type. A fourth semiconductor region adjacent to the third region may have a first concentration of the second dopant type. A source contact region may have a second concentration of the second dopant type adjacent to the third semiconductor region and adjacent to the fourth semiconductor region. The second concentration may be higher than the first concentration.

Abstract: A support bracket for mounting an engine component to a surface, such as to a cylinder head or engine block. In an embodiment, the support bracket includes a base member, a shelf member and a spacer. The base member has a back portion with a shape that defines a forwardly facing channel. The spacer is shaped to be matably received in the channel, optimizing load distribution between the spacer and the base member. A bolt hole extends through the spacer and is aligned with a bolt hole in the base member. The shelf member is welded to the base member to permanently capture the spacer in the channel. Welding the spacer is unnecessary. The spacer may be made of powdered metal. The spacer provides a free length portion of the capscrew that mounts the bracket against a surface, the free length accommodating longitudinal stress on the capscrew.

Abstract: An EGR measurement device for recirculating a portion of exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine that is adapted to allow accurate measurement of exhaust gas flow when the exhaust gas flows in a reverse direction that is opposite to the forward direction toward the intake of the engine. In one embodiment, an extension portion is used which extends over a second tap to allow measurement of pressure in the reverse flow direction so that flow rate can be calculated. In another embodiment, one or more pitot tubes are provided that allows accurate measurement of exhaust gas flows when the exhaust gas flows in a reverse direction.

Abstract: An EGR measurement device for recirculating a portion of exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine that is adapted to allow accurate measurement of exhaust gas flow when the exhaust gas flows in a reverse direction that is opposite to the forward direction toward the intake of the engine. In one embodiment, an extension portion is used which extends over a second tap to allow measurement of pressure in the reverse flow direction so that flow rate can be calculated. In another embodiment, one or more pitot tubes are provided that allows accurate measurement of exhaust gas flow when the exhaust gas flows in a reverse direction.

Abstract: A low current drain switch interface circuit includes an input terminal (105), coupled to a first terminal (201) of a diode (115). A voltage follower circuit (211) is coupled to a second terminal (203) of the diode (115). A current source (215) is coupled between an output terminal (213) of the voltage follower circuit (211) and a power supply terminal (111). A mechanical switch (101) is coupled to the input terminal (105). The voltage follower circuit (211) outputs a voltage (119) indicative of a physical state of the mechanical switch (101).

Abstract: Load driver circuit (10) has first and second comparators (Cphd 1, C.sub.2) which receive a load current signal (V.sub.s) indicative of current flowing through a load (11). The comparators provide, as output signals, set on and set off signals (at 21, 23) in response to comparing the load current signal (V.sub.s) with first and second thresholds (T.sub.1, T.sub.2). Driver circuitry (27, 43, 12) receives the set on and set off signals and provides a current control signal (at 18) for controlling load current. Preferably, disabling circuitry (30-34) disables the comparators (C.sub.1, C.sub.2) after and in response to the comparators providing their respective output signals (at 21, 23). Also, preferably enabling circuitry (40-42) enables the comparators (C.sub.1, C.sub.2) in response to comparing a sensed voltage (at 17), indicative of voltage at an output terminal of a switching device (12) that controls load current, with respect to a predetermined voltage (2.5 volts).

Abstract: A slew rate limited load driver is disclosed with a transistor switch (123) driving a load (125). The transistor switch (123) is controlled by a current from a current amplifier (107) and a current sink (111). The current amplifier (107) is driven from the combination of a source of compensating current (120) and a turn on current source (115). As a command signal (103) transitions, the source of compensating current (120) adds a transitional compensating current to the current derived from the turn on current source (115) and is amplified by the current amplifier (107). The output of the current amplifier (107) is combined with the output of the turn off current sink (111), to control the voltage slew rate to the load (101).

Abstract: Integrated circuit amplifier (10) implements unity voltage gain and its current gain is determined by the ratio of integrated circuit resistors (R1, R2). Amplifier input stage (Q1, Q2, Q4-Q7) has a pair of transistors (Q4, Q5) connected as a differential amplifier. An output transistor (Q13) connected to the collector of one (Q4) of the differential transistors amplifies the differential signal from the input stage and provides an output signal (at terminal 22). Current mirror circuitry (Q12, Q9) develops a current mirror signal (at 24) corresponding to current drawn through the output transistor (Q13). A load balancing circuit (Q8, Q3, R8) includes a transistor (Q3) having an input terminal directly connected to and loading the collector of another one (Q5) of the differential transistors. This configuration results in equal impedance and current loading for each of the collectors of the differential transistors (Q4, Q5).

Abstract: A voltage supply circuit provides a desired regulated voltage at an output utilizing a PNP and an NPN current mirror arranged to oppose one another. The NPN current mirror includes a pair of transistors operated at different current densities which produce a delta V.sub.BE voltage that is used to produce a reference current. The reference current is used to derive the regulated voltage which is a function of two independent resistor ratios.

Abstract: A power driver including a switch (17) that connects between a power input terminal (12) and a power output terminal (13). A current sense unit (22) provides an over current sense signal if an over current condition should exist with respect to the switch (17). A reference signal unit (23) utilizes a control signal as introduced at a contol signal input (11) to provide a threshold current level signal. A comparator (21) compares the latter two signals and provides an enabling signal to a second switch (19) to disable the switch (17) upon detecting an over current condition. The comparator (21) is enabled by the control signal.

Abstract: A power driver having a power transistor (15) uses a disable unit (17) to disable the transistor (15) upon sensing a short circuit condition. No current sense resistors are used. The base-emitter voltage of the transistor (15) is compared by a comparator (14) with a reference signal provided by a reference signal unit (16) to determine the existence or absence of a short circuit condition. In the presence of a short circuit, the comparator (14) provides a fault detected signal to the disable unit (17). The disable unit functions to deny the control signal to the transistor (15) and to ground the base of the power transistor (15) to thereby doubly ensure disablement. In addition, the disable unit (17) has memory and will disable the transistor (15) until the control signal recycles.

Abstract: An electronic energization circuit is provided to illuminate a gas discharge lamp that includes a transformer with a substantially rectangular hysteresis loop. A secondary winding on the transformer is connected to energize the lamp and at least one primary winding is provided on the transformer. Input voltage terminals may be DC terminals to supply an input voltage to the circuit. At least one semiconductor, such as a transistor, is connected to the input terminals and to the at least one primary winding, and a control means is provided for the semiconductor for unequal on and off conduction periods of the semiconductor. These unequal periods provide the conditions which eliminate the striations (bubbles) or dark spots in the gas plasma of the lamp, usually associated with high frequency energization.

Abstract: A power driver including a switch (17) that connects between a power input terminal (12) and a power output terminal (13). A current sense unit (22) provides an over current sense signal if an over current condition should exist with respect to the switch (17). A reference signal unit (23) utilizes a control signal as introduced at a control signal input (11) to provide a threshold current level signal. A comparator (21) compares the latter two signals and provides an enabling signal to a second switch (19) to disable the switch (17) upon detecting an over current condition. The comparator (21) is enabled by the control signal.