Abstract: A head covering apparatus may include a crown portion. A head covering apparatus may include a brim portion. A head covering apparatus may include a bottom edge. A head covering apparatus may include a channel integrated into the crown portion and configured to receive the decorative headband device, wherein the channel comprises a top opening having a top width and a bottom opening having a bottom width, wherein the channel is vertically oriented with respect to the bottom edge of the head covering apparatus such that at least one of the top opening or the bottom opening are substantially horizontally oriented.

Abstract: Retractor assemblies and methods of using them to retract tissue. A retractor assembly as described herein may include first and second arms pivotally coupled and each arm formed of a plurality of stacked and separated plates, spaced to define a gap therebetween, providing strength while affording a reduction in weight of the retractor assembly. The retractor assembly may also include a ratcheting locking mechanism.

Abstract: A hybrid hub-and-spoke communications network with hub-bypass communications paths is disclosed. An edge router receives, from a first origination network gateway node, a first packet destined for a first destination network gateway node. The edge router is communicatively coupled to a hybrid hub-and-spoke and hub-bypass data communications network. The edge router determines that the first packet is to be routed to the first destination network gateway node via a first hub-bypass communications path of the hybrid hub-and-spoke and hub-bypass data communications network. The edge router adds one or more segment identifiers to a header of the first packet that defines the first hub-bypass communications path, and sends the header and the first packet to the first spoke router.