Abstract: Methods provide for electric field assisted self-assembly of functionalized programmable nucleic acids, nucleic acid modified structures, and other selective affinity or binding moieties as building blocks for: creating molecular electronic and photonic mechanisms; organization, assembly, communication and interconnection of nanostructures, submicron and micron sized components onto silicon or other materials; organization, assembly, communication and interconnection of nanostructures, submicron and micron sized components within parameters of microelectronic or optoelectronic components and devices; creating, arraying, and manufacturing photonic and electronic structures, devices, and systems. Methods for the fabrication of microscale and nanoscale devices include the steps of: releasing at least one component device from a support, transporting at least one component device to a support, and attaching at least one component device to the support.