Abstract: A catalytic composition useful for cracking and reducing the viscosity of heavy hydrocarbons. The catalytic composition comprises Portland cement, a volcanic ash component, titanium dioxide, and a transition metal salt. Optionally, a hydrogen source is added to the catalytic composition.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to processes for upgrading (cracking and hydrogenation) of high molecular weight hydrocarbons using a catalytic composition at moderate temperatures, methods for stabilizing the upgraded product, and methods for reducing carbon oxides using a catalytic composition.

Abstract: A catalytic composition useful for cracking and reducing the viscosity of heavy hydrocarbons. The catalytic composition comprises Portland cement, a volcanic ash component, titanium dioxide, and a transition metal salt. Optionally, a hydrogen source is added to the catalytic composition.

Abstract: A catalytic composition useful for cracking and reducing the viscosity of heavy hydrocarbons. The catalytic composition comprises Portland cement, a volcanic ash component, titanium dioxide, and a transition metal salt. Optionally, a hydrogen source is added to the catalytic composition.

Abstract: A method of remediating soil contaminated with inorganic and organic pollutants as disclosed. A method comprises treating the soil with a complexing agent capable of chelating the pollutants and a matrix-generating agent for authigenically generating within the soil an alumino-silicate colloid matrix. The matrix has a plurality of reactive sites, which are capable of physically and chemically altering the pollutants into innocuous forms. The matrix-generating material comprises a mixture of a cement, blast furnace slag, fly ash, organophilic clay, and a free radical generator.

Abstract: A toxic waste fixant for detoxification of a contaminated material includes a mixture of ferric sulfate, manganese sulfate, organophilic clays, an oxidizer and aluminium sulfate. The respective amounts are preferably about 15-19% b.w. of ferric sulfate, about 15-19% b.w. of manganese sulfate, about 37-46% b.w. of organophilic clay, about 16-19% b.w. of an oxidizer and about 0-12,5% b.w. of alumimium sulfate. All or part of the ingredients in said fixant may be added as a pretreatment into contaminated materials such as soils, sediments, or sludges. This pretreatment can range from 0 to 100% b.w. to said material. The fixant is blended with various amounts of Portland cement, and/or blast furnace slag, or lime, or gypsum, or coal fly ash, or cement kiln dust as a means to derive a chemical fixation treatment for contaminated soils, sediments, and sludges to prevent the leaching of organic and inorganic compounds and elements.

Abstract: A toxic waste fixant for detoxification of a contaminated soil, sediment, and or sludge material includes a mixture of: ferric and/or ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate, and/or aluminium sulfate and/or Portland cement, and/or gypsum (calcium sulfate), and/or blast furnace slag, and/or lime (calcium oxide). Fixants made from mixtures of the above compounds are designed to prevent leaching in excess of regulatory standards for specified inorganic and organic toxic compounds and elements. These fixants will also reduce the concentration of most organic toxic compounds through various chemical reactions and bonding as determined by solvent extractions and analysis by GC/MS. The ferric and/or ferrous sulfate may be partially or completely replaced by cobalt sulfate, whereas instead of the respective sulfates the corresponding chlorides may be used as well.