Abstract: Systems and methods for incorporating reactions in electronic messages. A computer system can receive, from a computing device, a first request for one or more images responsive to the computing device accessing an electronic message, generate the one or more images using information indicative of reactions recorded in association with the email message, and send the one or more images to the computing device for display in the email message. The computer system can receive, from the computing device, a second request for recording a first reaction to the email message responsive to the computing device interacting with a first interactive element rendered in the email message, update the information indicative of the reactions recorded in association with the email message to account for the first reaction, and send a first page confirming the recording to the computing device for display.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are novel drug carriers including a non-aqueous pH dependent release system and a non-aqueous pH dependent reassembly/assembly and reabsorption/absorption system. The carriers are capable of pH dependent release of biologically active agents and assembly or reassembly when the carrier transitions from a low pH environment, to a high pH environment and back to a low pH environment.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are novel drug carriers including a non-aqueous pH dependent release system and a non-aqueous pH dependent reassembly/assembly and reabsorption/absorption system. The carriers are capable of pH dependent release of biologically active agents and assembly or reassembly when the carrier transitions from a low pH environment, to a high pH environment and back to a low pH environment.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are novel drug carriers including a non-aqueous pH dependent release system and a non-aqueous pH dependent reassembly/assembly and reabsorption/absorption system. The carriers are capable of pH dependent release of biologically active agents and assembly or reassembly when the carrier transitions from a low pH environment, to a high pH environment and back to a low pH environment.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are novel drug carriers including a non-aqueous pH dependent release system and a non-aqueous pH dependent reassembly/assembly and reabsorption/absorption system. The carriers are capable of pH dependent release of biologically active agents and assembly or reassembly when the carrier transitions from a low pH environment, to a high pH environment and back to a low pH environment.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are novel drug carriers including a non-aqueous pH dependent release system and a non-aqueous pH dependent reassembly/assembly and reabsorption/absorption system. The carriers are capable of pH dependent release of biologically active agents and assembly or reassembly when the carrier transitions from a low pH environment, to a high pH environment and back to a low pH environment.

Abstract: In general, a computing device disposed in a cardio exercise machine receives data related to a fitness level of a user. The computing device selects a workout program based at least in part on the data. The operations of the cardio exercise machine are controlled based at least in part on the workout program. The computing device generates visual feedback based on at least one of the user's operation of the cardio exercise machine and the selected workout program measured against performance criteria.

Abstract: Described is a circuit arrangement for detection of a tone whose presence indicates insertion of a headphone plug into a jack. The circuit includes a receptacle having contacts configured to receive a plug inserted into the receptacle, a current sense circuit, an amplifier coupled to the current sense circuit and a band pass filter coupled to an output of the amplifier, the band pass filter configured to pass a signal having a frequency in a range of about 2 Hz to 20 Hz. Circuitry converts the passed signal into a digital signal to provide an input signal to a controller to indicate that a headphone plug was inserted into the receptacle.

Abstract: In general, a computing device disposed in a cardio exercise machine receives data related to a fitness level of a user. The computing device selects a workout program based at least in part on the data. The operations of the cardio exercise machine are controlled based at least in part on the workout program. The computing device generates visual feedback based on at least one of the user's operation of the cardio exercise machine and the selected workout program measured against performance criteria.

Abstract: Described is a circuit arrangement for detection of a tone whose presence indicates insertion of a headphone plug into a jack. The circuit includes a receptacle having contacts configured to receive a plug inserted into the receptacle, a current sense circuit, an amplifier coupled to the current sense circuit and a band pass filter coupled to an output of the amplifier, the band pass filter configured to pass a signal having a frequency in a range of about 2 Hz to 20 Hz. Circuitry converts the passed signal into a digital signal to provide an input signal to a controller to indicate that a headphone plug was inserted into the receptacle.

Abstract: In general, a computing device disposed in a cardio exercise machine receives data related to a fitness level of a user. The computing device selects a workout program based at least in part on the data. The operations of the cardio exercise machine are controlled based at least in part on the workout program. The computing device generates visual feedback based on at least one of the user's operation of the cardio exercise machine and the selected workout program measured against performance criteria.

Abstract: In general, a computing device disposed in a cardio exercise machine receives data related to a fitness level of a user. The computing device selects a workout program based at least in part on the data. The operations of the cardio exercise machine are controlled based at least in part on the workout program. The computing device generates visual feedback based on at least one of the user's operation of the cardio exercise machine and the selected workout program measured against performance criteria.

Abstract: A modular actuator assembly includes one or more plates or elements of electro-active material bonded to an electroded sheet, preferably by a structural polymer to form a card. The card is sealed, and may itself constitute a practical device, such as a vane, shaker, stirrer, lever, pusher or sonicator for direct contact with a solid or immersion in a fluid, or may be bonded by a stiff adhesive to make a surface-to-surface mechanical coupling with a solid workpiece, device, substrate machine or sample. The structural polymer provides a bending stiffness such that the thin plate does not deform to its breaking point, and a mechanical stiffness such that shear forces are efficiently coupled from the plate to the workpiece. In further embodiments, the card may include active circuit elements for switching, powering or processing signals, and/or passive circuit elements for filtering, matching or damping signals, so that few or no connections to outside circuitry are required.

Abstract: A golf club includes an electroactive assembly attached to the club and electrically tuned to capture energy from one or more vibrational modes with high efficiency. More generally, a sports implement includes an electroactive element, such as a piezoceramic sheet attached to the implement, and a circuit attached to the electroactive element. The circuit may be a shunt, or may include processing such as amplification and phase control to apply a driving signal which may compensate for strain sensed in the implement, or may simply alter the stiffness to affect performance. The electroactive element is located in a region of high strain to apply damping, and may include plural subassemblies mounted to capture energy in different planes, or to capture an asymmetric strain distribution while maintaining structural symmetry. In a ski the element captures between about one and five percent of the strain energy of the ski.

Abstract: A valve regulates fluid displacement in a damper assembly, for example, displacement of hydraulic fluid in a sealed shock absorber. The valve is placed between a portion of fluid at one pressure and regulates the passage of fluid through an aperture or passage to a portion of fluid at a lower pressure by a blocking member which moves to obstruct the aperture in accordance with a desired level of damping. The blocking member is, or is driven by, an electroactive device, such as a bimorph actuator formed of ferroelectric material.

Abstract: A modular actuator assembly includes one or more plates or elements of electro-active material bonded to an electroded sheet, preferably by a structural polymer to form a card. The card is sealed, and may itself constitute a practical device, such as a vane, shaker, stirrer, lever, pusher or sonicator for direct contact with a solid or immersion in a fluid, or may be bonded by a stiff adhesive to make a surface-to-surface mechanical coupling with a solid workpiece,device, substrate, machine or sample. The structural polymer provides a bending stiffness such that the thin plate does not deform to its breaking point, and a mechanical stiffness such that shear forces are efficiently coupled from the plate to the workpiece. In further embodiments, the card may include active circuit elements for switching, powering or processing signals, and/or passive circuit elements for filtering, matching or damping signals, so that few or no connections to outside circuitry are required.

Abstract: A modular actuator assembly includes one or more plates or elements of electro-active material bonded to an electroded sheet, preferably by a structural polymer to form a card. The card is sealed, and may itself constitute a practical device, such as a vane, shaker, stirrer, lever, pusher or sonicator for direct contact with a solid or immersion in a fluid, or may be bonded by a stiff adhesive to make a surface-to-surface mechanical coupling with a solid workpiece, device, substrate machine or sample. The structural polymer provides a bending stiffness such that the thin plate does not deform to its breaking point, and a mechanical stiffness such that shear forces are efficiently coupled from the plate to the workpiece. In further embodiments, the card may include active circuit elements for switching, powering or processing signals, and/or passive circuit elements for filtering, matching or damping signals, so that few or no connections to outside circuitry are required.

Abstract: A modular actuator assembly includes one or more plates or elements of electro-active material bonded to an electroded sheet, preferably by a structural polymer to form a card. The card is sealed, and may itself constitute a practical device, such as a vane, shaker, stirrer, lever, pusher or sonicator for direct contact with a solid or immersion in a fluid, or may be bonded by a stiff adhesive to make a surface-to-surface mechanical coupling with a solid workpiece, device, substrate, machine or sample. The structural polymer provides a bending stiffness such that the thin plate does not deform to its breaking point, and a mechanical stiffness such that shear forces are efficiently coupled from the plate to the workpiece. In further embodiments, the card may include active circuit elements for switching, powering or processing signals, and/or passive circuit elements for filtering, matching or damping signals, so that few or no connections to outside circuitry are required.

Abstract: A recreational board such as a snowboard incorporates strain transducers to damp a plate resonance of the board. The strain transducers are preferably located around a peripheral region to capture strain energy affecting control edges, for example steering control edges at the front and/or rear of the board. Electrical energy from the transducers is shunted to damp a targeted resonance. In a preferred embodiment the strain transducers cover a region of the snowboard adjacent one surface and extending along the forward periphery, preferably at both inside and outside edges, and are shunted with a resonant shunt tuned to a torsional or torsion-like mode of the board that is excited during steering maneuvers. The transducers may be fabricated as preassembled sheets or may be formed in the snowboard during the assembly process using sheets of piezoceramic material, or using piezo fiber or other composite constructions.

Abstract: A valve regulates fluid displacement in a damper assembly, for example, displacement of hydraulic fluid in a sealed shock absorber. The valve is placed between a portion of fluid at one pressure and regulates the passage of fluid through an aperture or passage to a portion of fluid at a lower pressure by a blocking member which moves to obstruct the aperture in accordance with a desired level of damping. The blocking member is, or is driven by, an electroactive device, such as a bimorph actuator formed of ferroelectric material. In one embodiment, the blocking member is a bimorph which covers the aperture, and is flexibly displaced by passage of pressurized fluid through the aperture. A controller provides an electrical actuation signal to move the bimorph toward or away from the aperture, augmenting or decreasing its closing bias to affect both the threshold flow initiation pressure and the rate of flow once the passage opens.