Abstract: A magnetic random access memory (MRAM) structure is provided. The MRAM structure includes a first write electrode, a first magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) stack, a voltage control electrode, a second MTJ stack, and a second write electrode. The first MTJ stack includes a first free layer disposed on the first write electrode, a first tunnel barrier layer disposed on the first free layer, and a first fixed layer disposed on the first tunnel barrier layer. The voltage control electrode is disposed on the first MTJ stack. The second MTJ stack includes a second fixed layer disposed on the voltage control electrode, a second tunnel barrier layer disposed on the second fixed layer, and a second free layer disposed on the second tunnel barrier layer. The second write electrode is disposed on the second MTJ stack.

Abstract: A variable gain amplifier (VGA) is provided. The VGA includes at least one amplifier circuit, at least one current-steering circuit and at least one bias voltage circuit. Each current-steering circuit is coupled to its corresponding amplifier circuit. Each bias voltage circuit is coupled to its corresponding current-steering circuit to provide a positive bias voltage to each current-steering circuit.

Abstract: A variable gain amplifier (VGA) is provided. The VGA includes at least one amplifier circuit, at least one current-steering circuit and at least one bias voltage circuit. Each current-steering circuit is coupled to its corresponding amplifier circuit. Each bias voltage circuit is coupled to its corresponding current-steering circuit to provide a positive bias voltage to each current-steering circuit.

Abstract: An embodiment provides a variable gain amplifying method includes: on a signal path of a radio frequency input signal, amplifying a radio frequency input signal by a plurality of serially-coupled amplifiers; steering currents from the amplifiers and controlling respective gains of the amplifiers; performing gain match on the signal path of the radio frequency input signal; and performing phase compensation on the signal path of the radio frequency input signal. The signal path of the radio frequency input signal further has first and second phase variation trends which compensate each other.

Abstract: An embodiment provides a variable gain amplifying method includes: on a signal path of a radio frequency input signal, amplifying a radio frequency input signal by a plurality of serially-coupled amplifiers; steering currents from the amplifiers and controlling respective gains of the amplifiers; performing gain match on the signal path of the radio frequency input signal; and performing phase compensation on the signal path of the radio frequency input signal. The signal path of the radio frequency input signal further has first and second phase variation trends which compensate each other.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a three-dimensional (3-D) transformer-based (TF-based) power amplifier architecture, including a power splitting plane having at least one input transformer-based circuit; and a power combining plane having at least one output transformer-based circuit. The power splitting plane includes at least one input transmission line, at least one input transformer and an input terminal. Moreover, the power combining plane includes at least one output transmission line, at least one output transformer, at least one power amplifier-cell (PA-cell) and an output terminal. The power combining plane is vertically stacked, attached and electrically connected to the power splitting plane. Consequently, as compared with the existing 2-D power amplifiers, the 3-D transformer-based power amplifier architecture of the present disclosure is capable of achieving a symmetric and compact power distribution layout.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a three-dimensional (3-D) transformer-based (TF-based) power amplifier architecture, including a power splitting plane having at least one input transformer-based circuit; and a power combining plane having at least one output transformer-based circuit. The power splitting plane includes at least one input transmission line, at least one input transformer and an input terminal. Moreover, the power combining plane includes at least one output transmission line, at least one output transformer, at least one power amplifier-cell (PA-cell) and an output terminal. The power combining plane is vertically stacked, attached and electrically connected to the power splitting plane. Consequently, as compared with the existing 2-D power amplifiers, the 3-D transformer-based power amplifier architecture of the present disclosure is capable of achieving a symmetric and compact power distribution layout.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for manufacturing a self-aligned metal oxide thin film transistor. According to the present invention, a metal oxide semiconductor layer having a high carrier concentration is formed, and then a channel region which is self-aligned with a gate electrode is oxidized by a plasma having oxidbillity so that the channel region has a low carrier concentration and the source and drain regions have high carrier concentrations while the resulting transistor has a self-aligned structure. In addition, the threshold voltage of the transistor is controlled by the conditions under which the channel region of the transistor is subsequently oxidized by plasma having oxidbillity at a low temperature. Therefore, the controllability of the characteristics of the transistor is improved significantly, and the manufacturing process is simplified.

Abstract: A wheelchair includes a seat, one or more wheels and a seat weight sensing mechanism. The wheel includes a brake for stopping the wheel. The seat weight sensing mechanism is placed below the seat and is connected to the brake. When the seat is loaded by a weight more than a predetermined value, the seat weight sensing mechanism releases the brake to free the wheel. When the seat is not loaded by a weight more than a predetermined value, the brake stops the wheel.

Abstract: A wheelchair includes a seat, one or more wheels and a seat weight sensing mechanism. The wheel includes a brake for stopping the wheel. The seat weight sensing mechanism is placed below the seat and is connected to the brake. When the seat is loaded by a weight more than a predetermined value, the seat weight sensing mechanism releases the brake to free the wheel. When the seat is not loaded by a weight more than a predetermined value, the brake stops the wheel.

Abstract: A wheelchair includes a seat, one or more wheels and a seat weight sensing mechanism. The wheel includes a brake for stopping the wheel. The seat weight sensing mechanism is placed below the seat and is connected to the brake. When the seat is loaded by a weight more than a predetermined value, the seat weight sensing mechanism releases the brake to free the wheel. When the seat is not loaded by a weight more than a predetermined value, the brake stops the wheel.

Abstract: A patient lift apparatus designed to lift and transfer patients is provided. The patient lift apparatus includes a patient lift base and a modular patient support device removably connected to the patient lift base to support a patient. The patient lift base includes a cantilever element, a portal frame, three wheel assemblies, a hanging mechanism. The cantilever element is pivoted intersectionally with the portal frame. The three wheel assemblies are disposed at the bases of the cantilever element and the portal frame, as three bearing points. The hanging mechanism is pivoted to the top of the cantilever element and connected to the modular patient support device below. When the cantilever element and the portal frame are rotated relatively, the height, the shape and the positions of the bearing points of the patient lift apparatus are changed accordingly.

Abstract: An Inkjet apparatus is provided. An Inkjet apparatus includes a piezoelectric inkjet print head, a plurality of driving unit, a detection unit and a control unit. The piezoelectric inkjet print head comprises a plurality of nozzles, wherein each the nozzle outputs an ink drop according to a driving voltage. The driving unit generates the driving voltage according to a control signal. The detection unit detects a state of the ink drop corresponding to the nozzle to generate a detection signal. The control unit generates the control signal to control the driving voltage according to the detection signal.

Abstract: A distributed active transformer (DAT) based millimeter-wave (MMW) power amplifier circuit is designed for power amplification of MMW frequency signals. The proposed MMW power amplifier circuit is characterized by distributing the input frequency signals into two sets of differential signals and by the use of a distributed active transformer circuit unit to process these two sets of differential signals to thereby generate an amplified frequency signal as the end result of output. The invention provides higher and greater added values and power added efficiency (PAE) and is ideal for use in millimeter-wave communications systems with an operation frequency around 60 GHz.

Abstract: A distributed active transformer (DAT) based millimeter-wave (MMW) power amplifier circuit is designed for power amplification of MMW frequency signals. The proposed MMW power amplifier circuit is characterized by distributing the input frequency signals into two sets of differential signals and by the use of a distributed active transformer circuit unit to process these two sets of differential signals to thereby generate an amplified frequency signal as the end result of output. The invention provides higher and greater added values and power added efficiency (PAE) and is ideal for use in millimeter-wave communications systems with an operation frequency around 60 GHz.

Abstract: A wheelchair includes a seat, one or more wheels and a seat weight sensing mechanism. The wheel includes a brake for stopping the wheel. The seat weight sensing mechanism is placed below the seat and is connected to the brake. When the seat is loaded by a weight more than a predetermined value, the seat weight sensing mechanism releases the brake to free the wheel. When the seat is not loaded by a weight more than a predetermined value, the brake stops the wheel.

Abstract: An Inkjet apparatus is provided. An Inkjet apparatus includes a piezoelectric inkjet print head, a plurality of driving unit, a detection unit and a control unit. The piezoelectric inkjet print head comprises a plurality of nozzles, wherein each the nozzle outputs an ink drop according to a driving voltage. The driving unit generates the driving voltage according to a control signal. The detection unit detects a state of the ink drop corresponding to the nozzle to generate a detection signal. The control unit generates the control signal to control the driving voltage according to the detection signal.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for forming a micro tip for a micro probe utilized in testing semiconductor integrated circuit devices. A thick oxide layer is deposited upon a substrate initially to form the micro tip. The micro tip for the micro probe can be defined from the thick oxide layer upon the substrate through a plurality of subsequent semiconductor manufacturing operations performed upon the substrate and layers thereof. A plurality of micro tips can be mass produced and efficiently utilized in association with increasingly smaller sizes of semiconductor integrated circuit devices.

Abstract: An SRAM device has STI regions separated by mesas and doped regions including source/drain regions, active areas, wordline conductors and contacts in a semiconductor substrate is made with a source region has 90° transitions in critical locations. Form a dielectric layer above the active areas. Form the wordline conductors above the active areas transverse to the active areas. The source and drain regions of a pass gate transistor are on the opposite sides of a wordline conductor. Form the sidewalls along the <100> crystal plane. Form the contacts extending down through to the dielectric layer to the mesas. Substrate stress is reduced because the large active area region formed in the substrate assures that the contacts are formed on the <100> surfaces of the mesas are in contact with the mesas formed on the substrate and that the <110> surfaces of the silicon of the mesas are shielded from the contacts.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for forming a micro tip for a micro probe utilized in testing semiconductor integrated circuit devices. A thick oxide layer is deposited upon a substrate initially to form the micro tip. The micro tip for the micro probe can be defined from the thick oxide layer upon the substrate through a plurality of subsequent semiconductor manufacturing operations performed upon the substrate and layers thereof. A plurality of micro tips can be mass produced and efficiently utilized in association with increasingly smaller sizes of semiconductor integrated circuit devices.