Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods of determining the sequence and/or positions of modified bases in a nucleic acid sample present in a circular molecule with a nucleic acid insert of known sequence comprising obtaining sequence data of at least two insert-sample units. In some embodiments, the methods comprise obtaining sequence data using circular pair-locked molecules. In some embodiments, the methods comprise calculating scores of sequences of the nucleic acid inserts by comparing the sequences to the known sequence of the nucleic acid insert, and accepting or rejecting repeats of the sequence of the nucleic acid sample according to the scores of one or both of the sequences of the inserts immediately upstream or downstream of the repeats of the sequence of the nucleic acid sample.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods of determining the sequence and/or positions of modified bases in a nucleic acid sample present in a circular molecule with a nucleic acid insert of known sequence comprising obtaining sequence data of at least two insert-sample units. In some embodiments, the methods comprise obtaining sequence data using circular pair-locked molecules. In some embodiments, the methods comprise calculating scores of sequences of the nucleic acid inserts by comparing the sequences to the known sequence of the nucleic acid insert, and accepting or rejecting repeats of the sequence of the nucleic acid sample according to the scores of one or both of the sequences of the inserts immediately upstream or downstream of the repeats of the sequence of the nucleic acid sample.

Abstract: The invention provides a data compression method, comprising: (a) obtaining a first reading sequence and a second reading sequence from an identical source by a receiving unit; (b) comparing the first reading sequence with the second reading sequence according to a comparison condition to generate a sequence comparison result by the processor; (c) outputting a final template sequence according to the sequence comparison result by the processor; (d) comparing the final template sequence to each of the first and second reading sequences, to generate a respective difference between the final template sequence and each of the first and second reading sequences by the processor; and (e) compressing the first and second reading sequences according to the final template sequences and all generated differences between the final template sequence and the first and second reading sequences, to generate a compression file by the processor.

Abstract: A chemical or biochemical analysis apparatus includes: a computer processor; at least one controller electrically coupled to the computer processor; at least one first base configured with a plurality of dispensing tube assemblies arranged in alignment and electrically coupled to the at least one controller, independently; at least one second base configured with a plurality of the detectors arranged in alignment and electrically coupled to the at least one controller; and a stage, for carrying the at least one multi-well strip having a plurality of wells arranged in alignment and for transporting the multi-well strip to pass through and underneath the plurality of dispensing tube assemblies and the plurality of the detectors arranged in order, electrically coupled to the at least one controller.

Abstract: Embodiments relate to methods of sequencing nucleic acids. Embodiments encompass the use of nucleotide analogs and a nucleic acid polymerase enzyme or enzyme complex comprising proofreading activity. The nucleotide analogs may become incorporated into a replicating strand and induce the proofreading activity of the polymerizing enzyme, thereby prolonging the duration of a signal associated with nucleotide incorporation, resulting in more observable sequencing events and increasing the accuracy of nucleic acid sequencing.

Abstract: The invention provides a data compression method, comprising: (a) obtaining a first reading sequence and a second reading sequence from an identical source by a receiving unit; (b) comparing the first reading sequence with the second reading sequence according to a comparison condition to generate a sequence comparison result by the processor; (c) outputting a final template sequence according to the sequence comparison result by the processor; (d) comparing the final template sequence to each of the first and second reading sequences, to generate a respective difference between the final template sequence and each of the first and second reading sequences by the processor; and (e) compressing the first and second reading sequences according to the final template sequences and all generated differences between the final template sequence and the first and second reading sequences, to generate a compression file by the processor.

Abstract: The invention provides a sequence calibration method, including: (a) obtaining a first reading sequence and a second reading sequence from an identical source by a receiving unit; (b) setting a comparison condition by a determining unit; and (c) comparing the first reading sequence with the second reading sequence according to the comparison condition to generate a sequence comparison result by the determining unit; and (d) outputting a calibrated sequence according to the sequence comparison result by the determining unit, wherein the comparison condition is set according to a first seed table of the first reading sequence and a second seed table of the second reading sequence.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods of determining the sequence and/or positions of modified bases in a nucleic acid sample present in a circular molecule with a nucleic acid insert of known sequence comprising obtaining sequence data of at least two insert-sample units. In some embodiments, the methods comprise obtaining sequence data using circular pair-locked molecules. In some embodiments, the methods comprise calculating scores of sequences of the nucleic acid inserts by comparing the sequences to the known sequence of the nucleic acid insert, and accepting or rejecting repeats of the sequence of the nucleic acid sample according to the scores of one or both of the sequences of the inserts immediately upstream or downstream of the repeats of the sequence of the nucleic acid sample.