Abstract: Computer-based systems and methods are provided which combine subjective and objective evaluations of a specified product/service for use as a comprehensive assessment of the product/service. The subjective evaluation is made by polling the opinions of a selected plethora of competent commentators. These opinions are then tempered by personal profiles of the respective commentators to create subjectively informed comments. On the other hand, the objective valuation is based on available physical data that is pertinent to the product/service. When evaluated together, the subjective and objective evaluations combine to create weighted comments that can be presented in a suitable manner for public and personal review.

Abstract: Provided are methods of inducing enzymes, and for treating cellulosic and lignocellulosic biomass with the enzyme.

Abstract: A system incorporates an infrastructural method for commercializing a market unit which requires refining the initial efforts of an external entity in a commercial venture by a process of elimination. In detail, the external entity conceives a plan for possible implementation into a work product and submits the plan to an internal entity. The internal entity may then select the plan after conception, and subsequently evaluate the work product after its implementation before further development of the market unit. Credits are appropriately issued to the internal entity for selecting the plans and for evaluating the work products. Credits are also issued to the external entity for selection of its plan for implementation and for a successful evaluation of the resultant work product for development as a market unit. Credits can then be used as value for exchange with any external entity participating in the system.

Abstract: One embodiment includes an environment for analyzing various data associated with companies, market participants, customers, products, services and/or related data, processing the data to identify factors correlating with market success, and for utilizing such data to suggest or optimize business decisions, measure return on investment, forecast sales or revenue, and/or to automate decisions regarding a company's operations, product development, marketing and/or allocation of resources.

Abstract: One embodiment includes an environment and system for analyzing, including predictive analysis of, various data associated with industry participants, processing the data to generate one or more participant influence scores and/or to identify key opinion leaders, and for utilizing such data to assess or optimize a practice, company, product or service, and/or to automate decisions regarding a company's operations, product development, marketing and/or allocation of resources.

Abstract: The invention provides method for producing butanediol and specifically 2,3-butanediol by anaerobic fermentation of a gaseous substrate comprising CO by a culture of at least one micro-organism. In accordance with particular methods of the invention, 2,3-butanediol is produced by anaerobic fermentation of substrates including carbohydrates and carbon monoxide. The invention further provides for the up-regulation of a native 2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase gene in the at least one micro-organism. The 2,3-butanediol can be further converted to compounds such as butene(s), butadiene and methyl ethyl ketone. These compounds can be further converted to chemical products such as 2-butanol.

Abstract: The invention relates to improvements in the production of alcohols by microbial fermentation, particularly to production of alcohols by microbial fermentation of a substrate comprising CO. It more particularly relates to the addition of an inorganic sulfur source to a fermentation system such that one or more micro-organisms convert a substrate comprising CO to alcohols. In a particular embodiment, a microbial culture is provided with sodium polysulfide, wherein a substrate comprising CO is converted to products including ethanol and 2,3-butanediol.

Abstract: The invention relates to improvements in the production of alcohols by microbial fermentation, particularly to production of alcohols by microbial fermentation of substrates comprising CO. It more particularly relates to the provision of an improved fermentation media, comprising nickel, to a fermentation system such that one or more micro-organisms convert a substrate comprising CO to one or more alcohols, such as ethanol. In particular embodiments, a microbial culture is provided with at least 10 ?M nickel, such that CO uptake by the microbial culture increases and ethanol productivity improves.

Abstract: The invention relates to the production of alcohols by microbial fermentation, particularly to production of alcohols by microbial fermentation of substrates comprising CO. It more particularly relates to processes for the production of alcohols from their corresponding acids in the presence of a substrate comprising CO. In particular embodiments, a fermentation reaction producing acid(s) and optionally alcohol(s) is perturbed such that at least a portion one or more of acid(s) is converted to alcohol.

Abstract: The invention relates to improvements in the production of alcohols by microbial fermentation, particularly to production of alcohols by microbial fermentation of a substrate comprising CO. It more particularly relates to the provision of an inorganic organic sulfur source to a fermentation system such that one or more micro-organisms convert a substrate comprising CO to alcohols. In a particular embodiment, a microbial culture is provided with sodium polysulfide, wherein a substrate comprising CO is converted to products including ethanol and 2,3-butanediol.

Abstract: The invention relates to improvements in the production of alcohols by microbial fermentation, particularly to production of alcohols by microbial fermentation of substrates comprising CO. It more particularly relates to the provision of an improved fermentation media, comprising nickel, to a fermentation system such that one or more micro-organisms convert a substrate comprising CO to one or more alcohols, such as ethanol. In particular embodiments, a microbial culture is provided with at least 10 ?M nickel, such that CO uptake by the microbial culture increases and ethanol productivity improves.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for producing 2,3-butanediol by anaerobic fermentation. According to particular methods of the invention, 2,3-butanediol is produced by anaerobic fermentation of substrates including carbohydrate and carbon monoxide.

Abstract: The invention relates to the production of alcohols by microbial fermentation, particularly to production of alcohols by microbial fermentation of substrates comprising CO. It more particularly relates to processes for the production of alcohols from their corresponding acids in the presence of a substrate comprising CO. In particular embodiments, a fermentation reaction producing acid(s) and optionally alcohol(s) is perturbed such that at least a portion one or more of acid(s) is converted to alcohol.