Abstract: Provided herein are methods of mitigating and/or preventing side effects from chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy in a subject by administering a therapeutically effective amount of a toll-like receptor 2/6 (TLR 2/6) ligand, including fibroblast-stimulating lipopeptide 1 (FSL-1). Methods of treating and/or preventing gastrointestinal disorders are also disclosed. Additionally, methods of increasing granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) production in a subject undergoing a medical treatment, including administering FSL-1 compositions, are provided.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are data indicating that specific gut commensal bacteria, and metabolites thereof, can mitigate the outcome of high dose total body irradiation. Based on this, provided herein are methods of mitigating and/or preventing side effects from radiation therapy using short chain fatty acid producing bacterium or metabolites thereof. Cancer and tumor treatments and adjuvant therapies are also provided. Methods of treating and/or mitigating damage to a hematopoietic and/or gastrointestinal system in a subject are also provided using the disclosed adjuvant therapeutic compositions.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composition comprising a) a polyacetal polymer, a polyester polymer and/or a biodegradable polymer; b) a cyclic dinucleotide; and c) an antigen and/or an antibody, as well as methods of using same.

Abstract: In one aspect, a method of treating a subject having or at risk of having graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) generally includes administering to the subject a plurality of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) effective to ameliorate at least one symptom or clinical sign of graft-versus-host disease compared to a suitable control subject. In another aspect, a method of treating a tumor in a subject generally includes administering to the subject an anti-tumor therapy and co-administering to the subject an inflammasome inciting agent in an amount effective to increase inflammasome activation of MDSCs sufficiently to reduce suppressor function of the MDSCs.

Abstract: In one aspect, a method of treating a subject having or at risk of having graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) generally includes administering to the subject a plurality of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) effective to ameliorate at least one symptom or clinical sign of graft-versus-host disease compared to a suitable control subject. In another aspect, a method of treating a tumor in a subject generally includes administering to the subject an anti-tumor therapy and co-administering to the subject an inflammasome inciting agent in an amount effective to increase inflammasome activation of MDSCs sufficiently to reduce suppressor function of the MDSCs.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods of mitigating and/or preventing side effects from chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy in a subject by administering a therapeutically effective amount of a toll-like receptor 2/6 (TLR 2/6) ligand, including fibroblast-stimulating lipopeptide 1 (FSL-1). Methods of treating and/or preventing gastrointestinal disorders are also disclosed. Additionally, methods of increasing granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) production in a subject undergoing a medical treatment, including administering FSL-1 compositions, are provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composition comprising a) a polyacetal polymer, a polyester polymer and/or a biodegradable polymer; b) a cyclic dinucleotide; and c) an antigen and/or an antibody, as well as methods of using same.

Abstract: In one aspect, a method of treating a subject having or at risk of having graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) generally includes administering to the subject a plurality of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) effective to ameliorate at least one symptom or clinical sign of graft-versus-host disease compared to a suitable control subject. In another aspect, a method of treating a tumor in a subject generally includes administering to the subject an anti-tumor therapy and co-administering to the subject an inflammasome inciting agent in an amount effective to increase inflammasome activation of MDSCs sufficiently to reduce suppressor function of the MDSCs.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods of reducing or enhancing T cell activation and/or B cell activation in a subject, comprising administering to a subject an effective amount of an inhibitor or enhancer, respectively, of Semaphorin 6D (Sema6D) activity on T cells and/or B cells.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of treating an immune-related disorder in a subject, comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of an inhibitor of plexin-A4 activity, which results in reducing the plexin-A4 activity in the subject, and thereby treating the immune-related disorder. Inhibitors of plexin-A4 activity include, for example, plexin-A4 antibodies and plexin-A4 fusion proteins. The present invention further provides a method of treating an immune-related disorder in a subject, comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of an inhibitor of semaphorin-3A (Sema3A) activity, which results in reducing the Sema3A activity in the subject, thereby treating the immune-related disorder. Inhibitors of Sema3A activity include, for example, Sema3A antibodies and Sema3A fusion proteins.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of treating an immune-related disorder in a subject, comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of an inhibitor of plexin-A4 activity, which results in reducing the plexin-A4 activity in the subject, and thereby treating the immune-related disorder. Inhibitors of plexin-A4 activity include, for example, plexin-A4 antibodies and plexin-A4 fusion proteins. The present invention further provides a method of treating an immune-related disorder in a subject, comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of an inhibitor of semaphorin-3A (Sema3A) activity, which results in reducing the Sema3A activity in the subject, thereby treating the immune-related disorder. Inhibitors of Sema3A activity include, for example, Sema3A antibodies and Sema3A fusion proteins.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods of reducing or enhancing T cell activation and/or B cell activation in a subject, comprising administering to a subject an effective amount of an inhibitor or enhancer, respectively, of Semaphorin 6D (Sema6D) activity on T cells and/or B cells.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods and compositions for treating inflammation and inflammatory disorders in a subject, by administering an effective amount of KSHV-Orf63 and/or active peptides and/or fragments thereof.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods of reducing or enhancing T cell activation and/or B cell activation in a subject, comprising administering to a subject an effective amount of an inhibitor or enhancer, respectively, of Semaphorin 6D (Sema6D) activity on T cells and/or B cells.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of treating an immune-related disorder in a subject, comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of an inhibitor of plexin-A4 activity, which results in reducing the plexin-A4 activity in the subject, and thereby treating the immune-related disorder Inhibitors of plexin-A4 activity include, for example, plexin-A4 antibodies and plexin-A4 fusion proteins. The present invention further provides a method of treating an immune-related disorder in a subject, comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of an inhibitor of semaphorin-3A (Sema3A) activity, which results in reducing the Sema3A activity in the subject, thereby treating the immune-related disorder. Inhibitors of Sema3A activity include, for example, Sema3A antibodies and Sema3A fusion proteins.

Abstract: The invention relates to the treatment of demyelinating disorders, e.g. multiple sclerosis, using a soluble lymphotoxin beta receptor (LT?R) as an inhibitor of the lymphotoxin pathway.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods of reducing or enhancing T cell activation and/or B cell activation in a subject, comprising administering to a subject an effective amount of an inhibitor or enhancer, respectively, of Semaphorin 6D (Sema6D) activity on T cells and/or B cells.

Abstract: Methods of treating a demyelinating disorder using inhibitors of the lymphotoxin pathway.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a new family of structurally and functionally related nucleic acids and proteins, designed the CATERPILLER family, which is characterized by landmark structural motifs including a nucleotide binding domain and leucine-rich repeat domains.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a new family of structurally and functionally related nucleic acids and proteins, designed the CATERPILLER family, which is characterized by landmark structural motifs including a nucleotide binding domain and leucine-rich repeat domains.